open, chown: relax license
[gnulib.git] / top / maint.mk
index 62f3a41..59e9cb5 100644 (file)
 # -*-Makefile-*-
-# This Makefile fragment is intended to be useful by any GNU-like project.
-# This file originate from coreutils, CPPI, Bison, and Autoconf.
+# This Makefile fragment tries to be general-purpose enough to be
+# used by many projects via the gnulib maintainer-makefile module.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-#
-# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License,
-# or (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+## Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+##
+## This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+## the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+## (at your option) any later version.
+##
+## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+## GNU General Public License for more details.
+##
+## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+## along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
+# This is reported not to work with make-3.79.1
+# ME := $(word $(words $(MAKEFILE_LIST)),$(MAKEFILE_LIST))
 ME := maint.mk
 
-# List of all C-like source code files that will be tested for
-# stylistic "errors".  You may want to define this to something
-# more complex in cfg.mk.
-C_SOURCES ?= $(shell find . -name '*.[chly]')
-
-# Add some more files to check, typically set in cfg.mk.
-C_SOURCES += $(C_SOURCES_ADD)
+# Override this in cfg.mk if you use a non-standard build-aux directory.
+build_aux ?= $(srcdir)/build-aux
 
 # Do not save the original name or timestamp in the .tar.gz file.
 # Use --rsyncable if available.
 gzip_rsyncable := \
-  $(shell gzip --help 2>/dev/null|grep rsyncable >/dev/null && echo --rsyncable)
+  $(shell gzip --help 2>/dev/null|grep rsyncable >/dev/null \
+    && printf %s --rsyncable)
 GZIP_ENV = '--no-name --best $(gzip_rsyncable)'
 
+GIT = git
+VC = $(GIT)
+VC-tag = git tag -s -m '$(VERSION)' -u '$(gpg_key_ID)'
+
+VC_LIST = $(build_aux)/vc-list-files -C $(srcdir)
+
+# You can override this variable in cfg.mk to set your own regexp
+# matching files to ignore.
+VC_LIST_ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_REGEX ?= ^$$
+
+# This is to preprocess robustly the output of $(VC_LIST), so that even
+# when $(srcdir) is a pathological name like "....", the leading sed command
+# removes only the intended prefix.
+_dot_escaped_srcdir = $(subst .,\.,$(srcdir))
+
+# Post-process $(VC_LIST) output, prepending $(srcdir)/, but only
+# when $(srcdir) is not ".".
+ifeq ($(srcdir),.)
+_prepend_srcdir_prefix =
+else
+_prepend_srcdir_prefix = | sed 's|^|$(srcdir)/|'
+endif
+
+# In order to be able to consistently filter "."-relative names,
+# (i.e., with no $(srcdir) prefix), this definition is careful to
+# remove any $(srcdir) prefix, and to restore what it removes.
+VC_LIST_EXCEPT = \
+  $(VC_LIST) | sed 's|^$(_dot_escaped_srcdir)/||' \
+       | if test -f $(srcdir)/.x-$@; then grep -vEf $(srcdir)/.x-$@; \
+         else grep -Ev -e "$${VC_LIST_EXCEPT_DEFAULT-ChangeLog}"; fi \
+       | grep -Ev -e '$(VC_LIST_ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_REGEX)' \
+       $(_prepend_srcdir_prefix)
+
+ifeq ($(origin prev_version_file), undefined)
+  prev_version_file = $(srcdir)/.prev-version
+endif
+
+PREV_VERSION := $(shell cat $(prev_version_file) 2>/dev/null)
+VERSION_REGEXP = $(subst .,\.,$(VERSION))
+PREV_VERSION_REGEXP = $(subst .,\.,$(PREV_VERSION))
+
+ifeq ($(VC),$(GIT))
+this-vc-tag = v$(VERSION)
+this-vc-tag-regexp = v$(VERSION_REGEXP)
+else
+tag-package = $(shell echo "$(PACKAGE)" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
+tag-this-version = $(subst .,_,$(VERSION))
+this-vc-tag = $(tag-package)-$(tag-this-version)
+this-vc-tag-regexp = $(this-vc-tag)
+endif
+my_distdir = $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)
+
+# Old releases are stored here.
+release_archive_dir ?= ../release
+
+# Override gnu_rel_host and url_dir_list in cfg.mk if these are not right.
+# Use alpha.gnu.org for alpha and beta releases.
+# Use ftp.gnu.org for stable releases.
+gnu_ftp_host-alpha = alpha.gnu.org
+gnu_ftp_host-beta = alpha.gnu.org
+gnu_ftp_host-stable = ftp.gnu.org
+gnu_rel_host ?= $(gnu_ftp_host-$(RELEASE_TYPE))
+
+ifeq ($(gnu_rel_host),ftp.gnu.org)
+url_dir_list ?= http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/$(PACKAGE)
+else
+url_dir_list ?= ftp://$(gnu_rel_host)/gnu/$(PACKAGE)
+endif
+
+# Override this in cfg.mk if you are using a different format in your
+# NEWS file.
+today = $(shell date +%Y-%m-%d)
+
+# Select which lines of NEWS are searched for $(news-check-regexp).
+# This is a sed line number spec.  The default says that we search
+# lines 1..10 of NEWS for $(news-check-regexp).
+# If you want to search only line 3 or only lines 20-22, use "3" or "20,22".
+news-check-lines-spec ?= 1,10
+news-check-regexp ?= '^\*.* $(VERSION_REGEXP) \($(today)\)'
+
 # Prevent programs like 'sort' from considering distinct strings to be equal.
 # Doing it here saves us from having to set LC_ALL elsewhere in this file.
 export LC_ALL = C
 
-# Casting arguments to free is never necessary.
-sc_cast_of_argument_to_free:
-       @grep -nE '\<free *\( *\(' $(C_SOURCES) &&                      \
-         { echo '$(ME): don'\''t cast free argument' 1>&2;             \
+## --------------- ##
+## Sanity checks.  ##
+## --------------- ##
+
+_cfg_mk := $(shell test -f $(srcdir)/cfg.mk && echo '$(srcdir)/cfg.mk')
+
+# Collect the names of rules starting with `sc_'.
+syntax-check-rules := $(sort $(shell sed -n 's/^\(sc_[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\):.*/\1/p' \
+                       $(srcdir)/$(ME) $(_cfg_mk)))
+.PHONY: $(syntax-check-rules)
+
+local-checks-available = \
+  $(syntax-check-rules)
+.PHONY: $(local-checks-available)
+
+# Arrange to print the name of each syntax-checking rule just before running it.
+$(syntax-check-rules): %: %.m
+sc_m_rules_ = $(patsubst %, %.m, $(syntax-check-rules))
+.PHONY: $(sc_m_rules_)
+$(sc_m_rules_):
+       @echo $(patsubst sc_%.m, %, $@)
+       @date +%s.%N > .sc-start-$(basename $@)
+
+# Compute and print the elapsed time for each syntax-check rule.
+sc_z_rules_ = $(patsubst %, %.z, $(syntax-check-rules))
+.PHONY: $(sc_z_rules_)
+$(sc_z_rules_): %.z: %
+       @end=$$(date +%s.%N);                                           \
+       start=$$(cat .sc-start-$*);                                     \
+       rm -f .sc-start-$*;                                             \
+       awk -v s=$$start -v e=$$end                                     \
+         'END {printf "%.2f $(patsubst sc_%,%,$*)\n", e - s}' < /dev/null
+
+# The patsubst here is to replace each sc_% rule with its sc_%.z wrapper
+# that computes and prints elapsed time.
+local-check :=                                                         \
+  $(patsubst sc_%, sc_%.z,                                             \
+    $(filter-out $(local-checks-to-skip), $(local-checks-available)))
+
+syntax-check: $(local-check)
+
+# _sc_search_regexp
+#
+# This macro searches for a given construct in the selected files and
+# then takes some action.
+#
+# Parameters (shell variables):
+#
+#  prohibit | require
+#
+#     Regular expression (ERE) denoting either a forbidden construct
+#     or a required construct.  Those arguments are exclusive.
+#
+#  in_vc_files | in_files
+#
+#     grep-E-style regexp denoting the files to check.  If no files
+#     are specified the default are all the files that are under
+#     version control.
+#
+#  containing | non_containing
+#
+#     Select the files (non) containing strings matching this regexp.
+#     If both arguments are specified then CONTAINING takes
+#     precedence.
+#
+#  with_grep_options
+#
+#     Extra options for grep.
+#
+#  ignore_case
+#
+#     Ignore case.
+#
+#  halt
+#
+#     Message to display before to halting execution.
+
+# By default, _sc_search_regexp does not ignore case.
+export ignore_case =
+_ignore_case = $$(test -n "$$ignore_case" && printf %s -i || :)
+
+define _sc_say_and_exit
+   dummy=; : so we do not need a semicolon before each use;            \
+   { printf '%s\n' "$(ME): $$msg" 1>&2; exit 1; };
+endef
+
+# _sc_search_regexp used to be named _prohibit_regexp.  However,
+# upgrading to the new definition and leaving the old name undefined
+# would usually convert each custom rule using $(_prohibit_regexp)
+# (usually defined in cfg.mk) into a no-op.  This definition ensures
+# that people know right away if they're still using the old name.
+# FIXME: remove in 2012.
+_prohibit_regexp = \
+  $(error '*** you need to s/_prohibit_regexp/_sc_search_regexp/, and adapt')
+
+define _sc_search_regexp
+   dummy=; : so we do not need a semicolon before each use;            \
+                                                                       \
+   : Check arguments;                                                  \
+   test -n "$$prohibit" && test -n "$$require"                         \
+     && { msg='Cannot specify both prohibit and require'               \
+          $(_sc_say_and_exit) } || :;                                  \
+   test -z "$$prohibit" && test -z "$$require"                         \
+     && { msg='Should specify either prohibit or require'              \
+          $(_sc_say_and_exit) } || :;                                  \
+   test -n "$$in_vc_files" && test -n "$$in_files"                     \
+     && { msg='Cannot specify both in_vc_files and in_files'           \
+          $(_sc_say_and_exit) } || :;                                  \
+   test "x$$halt" != x                                                 \
+     || { msg='halt not defined' $(_sc_say_and_exit) };                        \
+                                                                       \
+   : Filter by file name;                                              \
+   if test -n "$$in_files"; then                                       \
+     files=$$(find $(srcdir) | grep -E "$$in_files");                  \
+   else                                                                        \
+     files=$$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT));                                      \
+     if test -n "$$in_vc_files"; then                                  \
+       files=$$(echo "$$files" | grep -E "$$in_vc_files");             \
+     fi;                                                               \
+   fi;                                                                 \
+                                                                       \
+   : Filter by content;                                                        \
+   test -n "$$files" && test -n "$$containing"                         \
+     && { files=$$(grep -l "$$containing" $$files); } || :;            \
+   test -n "$$files" && test -n "$$non_containing"                     \
+     && { files=$$(grep -vl "$$non_containing" $$files); } || :;       \
+                                                                       \
+   : Check for the construct;                                          \
+   if test -n "$$files"; then                                          \
+     if test -n "$$prohibit"; then                                     \
+       grep $$with_grep_options $(_ignore_case) -nE "$$prohibit" $$files \
+         && { msg="$$halt" $(_sc_say_and_exit) } || :;                 \
+     else                                                              \
+       grep $$with_grep_options $(_ignore_case) -LE "$$require" $$files \
+           | grep .                                                    \
+         && { msg="$$halt" $(_sc_say_and_exit) } || :;                 \
+     fi                                                                        \
+   else :;                                                             \
+   fi || :;
+endef
+
+sc_avoid_if_before_free:
+       @$(build_aux)/useless-if-before-free                            \
+               $(useless_free_options)                                 \
+           $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep -v useless-if-before-free) &&   \
+         { echo '$(ME): found useless "if" before "free" above' 1>&2;  \
            exit 1; } || :
 
+sc_cast_of_argument_to_free:
+       @prohibit='\<free *\( *\(' halt='don'\''t cast free argument'   \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
 sc_cast_of_x_alloc_return_value:
-       @grep -nE '\*\) *x(m|c|re)alloc\>' $(C_SOURCES) &&              \
-         { echo '$(ME): don'\''t cast x*alloc return value' 1>&2;      \
-           exit 1; } || :
+       @prohibit='\*\) *x(m|c|re)alloc\>'                              \
+       halt='don'\''t cast x*alloc return value'                       \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
 sc_cast_of_alloca_return_value:
-       @grep -nE '\*\) *alloca\>' $(C_SOURCES) &&                      \
-         { echo '$(ME): don'\''t cast alloca return value' 1>&2;       \
-           exit 1; } || :
+       @prohibit='\*\) *alloca\>'                                      \
+       halt='don'\''t cast alloca return value'                        \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
 sc_space_tab:
-       @grep -n '[ ]   ' $(C_SOURCES) &&                               \
-         { echo '$(ME): found SPACE-TAB sequence; remove the SPACE'    \
-               1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+       @prohibit='[ ]  '                                               \
+       halt='found SPACE-TAB sequence; remove the SPACE'               \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
-# Don't use the old ato* functions in `real' code.
+# Don't use *scanf or the old ato* functions in `real' code.
 # They provide no error checking mechanism.
 # Instead, use strto* functions.
 sc_prohibit_atoi_atof:
-       @grep -nE '\<ato([filq]|ll)\>' $(C_SOURCES) &&                  \
-         { echo '$(ME): do not use ato''f, ato''i, ato''l, ato''ll, or ato''q' \
+       @prohibit='\<([fs]?scanf|ato([filq]|ll)) *\('                           \
+       halt='do not use *scan''f, ato''f, ato''i, ato''l, ato''ll or ato''q'   \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Use STREQ rather than comparing strcmp == 0, or != 0.
+sc_prohibit_strcmp:
+       @grep -nE '! *str''cmp *\(|\<str''cmp *\([^)]+\) *=='           \
+           $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))                                       \
+         | grep -vE ':# *define STREQ\(' &&                            \
+         { echo '$(ME): use STREQ in place of the above uses of str''cmp' \
                1>&2; exit 1; } || :
 
+# Pass EXIT_*, not number, to usage, exit, and error (when exiting)
+# Convert all uses automatically, via these two commands:
+# git grep -l '\<exit *(1)' \
+#  | grep -vEf .x-sc_prohibit_magic_number_exit \
+#  | xargs --no-run-if-empty \
+#      perl -pi -e 's/(^|[^.])\b(exit ?)\(1\)/$1$2(EXIT_FAILURE)/'
+# git grep -l '\<exit *(0)' \
+#  | grep -vEf .x-sc_prohibit_magic_number_exit \
+#  | xargs --no-run-if-empty \
+#      perl -pi -e 's/(^|[^.])\b(exit ?)\(0\)/$1$2(EXIT_SUCCESS)/'
+sc_prohibit_magic_number_exit:
+       @prohibit='(^|[^.])\<(usage|exit) ?\([0-9]|\<error ?\([1-9][0-9]*,'     \
+       halt='use EXIT_* values rather than magic number'                       \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
 # Using EXIT_SUCCESS as the first argument to error is misleading,
 # since when that parameter is 0, error does not exit.  Use `0' instead.
 sc_error_exit_success:
-       @grep -nF 'error (EXIT_SUCCESS,' $(C_SOURCES) &&                \
-         { echo '$(ME): found error (EXIT_SUCCESS' 1>&2;               \
+       @prohibit='error *\(EXIT_SUCCESS,'                              \
+       in_vc_files='\.[chly]$$'                                        \
+       halt='found error (EXIT_SUCCESS'                                \
+        $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# `FATAL:' should be fully upper-cased in error messages
+# `WARNING:' should be fully upper-cased, or fully lower-cased
+sc_error_message_warn_fatal:
+       @grep -nEA2 '[^rp]error *\(' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))              \
+           | grep -E '"Warning|"Fatal|"fatal' &&                       \
+         { echo '$(ME): use FATAL, WARNING or warning' 1>&2;           \
            exit 1; } || :
 
-# Stylistic, use #ifdef instead of #if
-sc_no_if_have_config_h:
-       @grep -n '^# *if HAVE_CONFIG_H' $(C_SOURCES) &&                 \
-         { echo '$(ME): found use of #if HAVE_CONFIG_H; use #ifdef'    \
-               1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+# Error messages should not start with a capital letter
+sc_error_message_uppercase:
+       @grep -nEA2 '[^rp]error *\(' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))              \
+           | grep -E '"[A-Z]'                                          \
+           | grep -vE '"FATAL|"WARNING|"Java|"C#|PRIuMAX' &&           \
+         { echo '$(ME): found capitalized error message' 1>&2;         \
+           exit 1; } || :
+
+# Error messages should not end with a period
+sc_error_message_period:
+       @grep -nEA2 '[^rp]error *\(' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))              \
+           | grep -E '[^."]\."' &&                                     \
+         { echo '$(ME): found error message ending in period' 1>&2;    \
+           exit 1; } || :
+
+sc_file_system:
+       @prohibit=file''system                                          \
+       ignore_case=1                                                   \
+       halt='found use of "file''system"; spell it "file system"'      \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Don't use cpp tests of this symbol.  All code assumes config.h is included.
+sc_prohibit_have_config_h:
+       @prohibit='^# *if.*HAVE''_CONFIG_H'                             \
+       halt='found use of HAVE''_CONFIG_H; remove'                     \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Nearly all .c files must include <config.h>.  However, we also permit this
+# via inclusion of a package-specific header, if cfg.mk specified one.
+# config_h_header must be suitable for grep -E.
+config_h_header ?= <config\.h>
+sc_require_config_h:
+       @require='^# *include $(config_h_header)'                       \
+       in_vc_files='\.c$$'                                             \
+       halt='the above files do not include <config.h>'                \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# You must include <config.h> before including any other header file.
+# This can possibly be via a package-specific header, if given by cfg.mk.
+sc_require_config_h_first:
+       @if $(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep -l '\.c$$' > /dev/null; then       \
+         fail=0;                                                       \
+         for i in $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep '\.c$$'); do             \
+           grep '^# *include\>' $$i | sed 1q                           \
+               | grep -E '^# *include $(config_h_header)' > /dev/null  \
+             || { echo $$i; fail=1; };                                 \
+         done;                                                         \
+         test $$fail = 1 &&                                            \
+           { echo '$(ME): the above files include some other header'   \
+               'before <config.h>' 1>&2; exit 1; } || :;               \
+       else :;                                                         \
+       fi
+
+sc_prohibit_HAVE_MBRTOWC:
+       @prohibit='\bHAVE_MBRTOWC\b'                                    \
+       halt="do not use $$prohibit; it is always defined"              \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# To use this "command" macro, you must first define two shell variables:
+# h: the header, enclosed in <> or ""
+# re: a regular expression that matches IFF something provided by $h is used.
+define _sc_header_without_use
+  dummy=; : so we do not need a semicolon before each use;             \
+  h_esc=`echo "$$h"|sed 's/\./\\\\./g'`;                               \
+  if $(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep -l '\.c$$' > /dev/null; then             \
+    files=$$(grep -l '^# *include '"$$h_esc"                           \
+            $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep '\.c$$')) &&                   \
+    grep -LE "$$re" $$files | grep . &&                                        \
+      { echo "$(ME): the above files include $$h but don't use it"     \
+       1>&2; exit 1; } || :;                                           \
+  else :;                                                              \
+  fi
+endef
 
 # Prohibit the inclusion of assert.h without an actual use of assert.
 sc_prohibit_assert_without_use:
-       @files=$$(grep -l '# *include [<"]assert\.h[>"]' $(C_SOURCES)   \
-                       | grep '\.[cy]$$') &&                           \
-       grep -L '\<assert (' $$files                                    \
-           | grep . &&                                                 \
-         { echo "$(ME): the above files include <assert.h> but don't use it" \
-               1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+       @h='<assert.h>' re='\<assert *\(' $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Prohibit the inclusion of close-stream.h without an actual use.
+sc_prohibit_close_stream_without_use:
+       @h='"close-stream.h"' re='\<close_stream *\(' $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Prohibit the inclusion of getopt.h without an actual use.
+sc_prohibit_getopt_without_use:
+       @h='<getopt.h>' re='\<getopt(_long)? *\(' $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include quotearg.h unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_quotearg_without_use:
+       @h='"quotearg.h"' re='\<quotearg(_[^ ]+)? *\(' $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include quote.h unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_quote_without_use:
+       @h='"quote.h"' re='\<quote(_n)? *\(' $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include this header unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_long_options_without_use:
+       @h='"long-options.h"' re='\<parse_long_options *\(' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include this header unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_inttostr_without_use:
+       @h='"inttostr.h"' re='\<(off|[iu]max|uint)tostr *\(' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include this header unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_ignore_value_without_use:
+       @h='"ignore-value.h"' re='\<ignore_(value|ptr) *\(' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include this header unless you use one of its functions.
+sc_prohibit_error_without_use:
+       @h='"error.h"' \
+       re='\<error(_at_line|_print_progname|_one_per_line|_message_count)? *\('\
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Don't include xalloc.h unless you use one of its functions.
+# Consider these symbols:
+# perl -lne '/^# *define (\w+)\(/ and print $1' lib/xalloc.h|grep -v '^__';
+# perl -lne '/^(?:extern )?(?:void|char) \*?(\w+) *\(/ and print $1' lib/xalloc.h
+# Divide into two sets on case, and filter each through this:
+# | sort | perl -MRegexp::Assemble -le \
+#  'print Regexp::Assemble->new(file => "/dev/stdin")->as_string'|sed 's/\?://g'
+# Note this was produced by the above:
+# _xa1 = \
+#x(((2n?)?re|c(har)?|n(re|m)|z)alloc|alloc_(oversized|die)|m(alloc|emdup)|strdup)
+# But we can do better, in at least two ways:
+# 1) take advantage of two "dup"-suffixed strings:
+# x(((2n?)?re|c(har)?|n(re|m)|[mz])alloc|alloc_(oversized|die)|(mem|str)dup)
+# 2) notice that "c(har)?|[mz]" is equivalent to the shorter and more readable
+# "char|[cmz]"
+# x(((2n?)?re|char|n(re|m)|[cmz])alloc|alloc_(oversized|die)|(mem|str)dup)
+_xa1 = x(((2n?)?re|char|n(re|m)|[cmz])alloc|alloc_(oversized|die)|(mem|str)dup)
+_xa2 = X([CZ]|N?M)ALLOC
+sc_prohibit_xalloc_without_use:
+       @h='"xalloc.h"' \
+       re='\<($(_xa1)|$(_xa2)) *\('\
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Extract function names:
+# perl -lne '/^(?:extern )?(?:void|char) \*?(\w+) *\(/ and print $1' lib/hash.h
+_hash_re = \
+clear|delete|free|get_(first|next)|insert|lookup|print_statistics|reset_tuning
+_hash_fn = \<($(_hash_re)) *\(
+_hash_struct = (struct )?\<[Hh]ash_(table|tuning)\>
+sc_prohibit_hash_without_use:
+       @h='"hash.h"' \
+       re='$(_hash_fn)|$(_hash_struct)'\
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_hash_pjw_without_use:
+       @h='"hash-pjw.h"' \
+       re='\<hash_pjw *\(' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_safe_read_without_use:
+       @h='"safe-read.h"' re='(\<SAFE_READ_ERROR\>|\<safe_read *\()' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_argmatch_without_use:
+       @h='"argmatch.h"' \
+       re='(\<(ARRAY_CARDINALITY|X?ARGMATCH(|_TO_ARGUMENT|_VERIFY))\>|\<argmatch(_exit_fn|_(in)?valid) *\()' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_canonicalize_without_use:
+       @h='"canonicalize.h"' \
+       re='CAN_(EXISTING|ALL_BUT_LAST|MISSING)|canonicalize_(mode_t|filename_mode)' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_root_dev_ino_without_use:
+       @h='"root-dev-ino.h"' \
+       re='(\<ROOT_DEV_INO_(CHECK|WARN)\>|\<get_root_dev_ino *\()' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+sc_prohibit_openat_without_use:
+       @h='"openat.h"' \
+       re='\<(openat_(permissive|needs_fchdir|(save|restore)_fail)|l?(stat|ch(own|mod))at|(euid)?accessat)\>' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Prohibit the inclusion of c-ctype.h without an actual use.
+ctype_re = isalnum|isalpha|isascii|isblank|iscntrl|isdigit|isgraph|islower\
+|isprint|ispunct|isspace|isupper|isxdigit|tolower|toupper
+sc_prohibit_c_ctype_without_use:
+       @h='[<"]c-ctype.h[">]' re='\<c_($(ctype_re)) *\(' \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+_empty =
+_sp = $(_empty) $(_empty)
+# The following list was generated by running:
+# man signal.h|col -b|perl -ne '/bsd_signal.*;/.../sigwaitinfo.*;/ and print' \
+#   | perl -lne '/^\s+(?:int|void).*?(\w+).*/ and print $1' | fmt
+_sig_functions = \
+  bsd_signal kill killpg pthread_kill pthread_sigmask raise sigaction \
+  sigaddset sigaltstack sigdelset sigemptyset sigfillset sighold sigignore \
+  siginterrupt sigismember signal sigpause sigpending sigprocmask sigqueue \
+  sigrelse sigset sigsuspend sigtimedwait sigwait sigwaitinfo
+_sig_function_re = $(subst $(_sp),|,$(strip $(_sig_functions)))
+# The following were extracted from "man signal.h" manually.
+_sig_types_and_consts =                                                        \
+  MINSIGSTKSZ SA_NOCLDSTOP SA_NOCLDWAIT SA_NODEFER SA_ONSTACK          \
+  SA_RESETHAND SA_RESTART SA_SIGINFO SIGEV_NONE SIGEV_SIGNAL           \
+  SIGEV_THREAD SIGSTKSZ SIG_BLOCK SIG_SETMASK SIG_UNBLOCK SS_DISABLE   \
+  SS_ONSTACK mcontext_t pid_t sig_atomic_t sigevent siginfo_t sigset_t \
+  sigstack sigval stack_t ucontext_t
+# generated via this:
+# perl -lne '/^#ifdef (SIG\w+)/ and print $1' lib/sig2str.c|sort -u|fmt -70
+_sig_names =                                                           \
+  SIGABRT SIGALRM SIGALRM1 SIGBUS SIGCANCEL SIGCHLD SIGCLD SIGCONT     \
+  SIGDANGER SIGDIL SIGEMT SIGFPE SIGFREEZE SIGGRANT SIGHUP SIGILL      \
+  SIGINFO SIGINT SIGIO SIGIOT SIGKAP SIGKILL SIGKILLTHR SIGLOST SIGLWP \
+  SIGMIGRATE SIGMSG SIGPHONE SIGPIPE SIGPOLL SIGPRE SIGPROF SIGPWR     \
+  SIGQUIT SIGRETRACT SIGSAK SIGSEGV SIGSOUND SIGSTKFLT SIGSTOP SIGSYS  \
+  SIGTERM SIGTHAW SIGTRAP SIGTSTP SIGTTIN SIGTTOU SIGURG SIGUSR1       \
+  SIGUSR2 SIGVIRT SIGVTALRM SIGWAITING SIGWINCH SIGWIND SIGWINDOW      \
+  SIGXCPU SIGXFSZ
+_sig_syms_re = $(subst $(_sp),|,$(strip $(_sig_names) $(_sig_types_and_consts)))
+
+# Prohibit the inclusion of signal.h without an actual use.
+sc_prohibit_signal_without_use:
+       @h='<signal.h>'                                                 \
+       re='\<($(_sig_function_re)) *\(|\<($(_sig_syms_re))\>'          \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Prohibit the inclusion of strings.h without a sensible use.
+# Using the likes of bcmp, bcopy, bzero, index or rindex is not sensible.
+sc_prohibit_strings_without_use:
+       @h='<strings.h>'                                                \
+       re='\<(strn?casecmp|ffs(ll)?)\>'                                \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
+
+# Get the list of symbol names with this:
+# perl -lne '/^# *define (\w+)\(/ and print $1' lib/intprops.h|grep -v '^s'|fmt
+_intprops_names =                                                      \
+  TYPE_IS_INTEGER TYPE_TWOS_COMPLEMENT TYPE_ONES_COMPLEMENT            \
+  TYPE_SIGNED_MAGNITUDE TYPE_SIGNED TYPE_MINIMUM TYPE_MAXIMUM          \
+  INT_STRLEN_BOUND INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND
+_intprops_syms_re = $(subst $(_sp),|,$(strip $(_intprops_names)))
+# Prohibit the inclusion of intprops.h without an actual use.
+sc_prohibit_intprops_without_use:
+       @h='"intprops.h"'                                               \
+       re='\<($(_intprops_syms_re)) *\('                               \
+         $(_sc_header_without_use)
 
 sc_obsolete_symbols:
-       @grep -nE '\<(HAVE''_FCNTL_H|O''_NDELAY)\>' $(C_SOURCES) &&     \
-         { echo '$(ME): do not use HAVE''_FCNTL_H or O''_NDELAY'       \
-               1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+       @prohibit='\<(HAVE''_FCNTL_H|O''_NDELAY)\>'                     \
+       halt='do not use HAVE''_FCNTL_H or O'_NDELAY                    \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# FIXME: warn about definitions of EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS, STREQ
 
-# Each nonempty line must start with a year number, or a TAB.
+# Each nonempty ChangeLog line must start with a year number, or a TAB.
 sc_changelog:
-       @grep -n '^[^12 ]' $$(find . -name ChangeLog) &&        \
-         { echo '$(ME): found unexpected prefix in a ChangeLog' 1>&2;  \
+       @prohibit='^[^12        ]'                                      \
+       in_vc_files='^ChangeLog$$'                                      \
+       halt='found unexpected prefix in a ChangeLog'                   \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Ensure that each .c file containing a "main" function also
+# calls set_program_name.
+sc_program_name:
+       @require='set_program_name *\(m?argv\[0\]\);'                   \
+       in_vc_files='\.c$$'                                             \
+       containing='^main *('                                           \
+       halt='the above files do not call set_program_name'             \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Require that the final line of each test-lib.sh-using test be this one:
+# Exit $fail
+# Note: this test requires GNU grep's --label= option.
+Exit_witness_file ?= tests/test-lib.sh
+Exit_base := $(notdir $(Exit_witness_file))
+sc_require_test_exit_idiom:
+       @if test -f $(srcdir)/$(Exit_witness_file); then                \
+         die=0;                                                        \
+         for i in $$(grep -l -F 'srcdir/$(Exit_base)'                  \
+               $$($(VC_LIST) tests)); do                               \
+           tail -n1 $$i | grep '^Exit .' > /dev/null                   \
+             && : || { die=1; echo $$i; }                              \
+         done;                                                         \
+         test $$die = 1 &&                                             \
+           { echo 1>&2 '$(ME): the final line in each of the above is not:'; \
+             echo 1>&2 'Exit something';                               \
+             exit 1; } || :;                                           \
+       fi
+
+sc_the_the:
+       @prohibit='\<the ''the\>'                                       \
+       ignore_case=1                                                   \
+       halt='found use of "the ''the";'                                \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+sc_trailing_blank:
+       @prohibit='[     ]$$'                                           \
+       halt='found trailing blank(s)'                                  \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Match lines like the following, but where there is only one space
+# between the options and the description:
+#   -D, --all-repeated[=delimit-method]  print all duplicate lines\n
+longopt_re = --[a-z][0-9A-Za-z-]*(\[?=[0-9A-Za-z-]*\]?)?
+sc_two_space_separator_in_usage:
+       @prohibit='^   *(-[A-Za-z],)? $(longopt_re) [^ ].*\\$$'         \
+       halt='help2man requires at least two spaces between an option and its description'\
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Look for diagnostics that aren't marked for translation.
+# This won't find any for which error's format string is on a separate line.
+sc_unmarked_diagnostics:
+       @grep -nE                                                       \
+           '\<error *\([^"]*"[^"]*[a-z]{3}' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))      \
+         | grep -v '_''(' &&                                           \
+         { echo '$(ME): found unmarked diagnostic(s)' 1>&2;            \
            exit 1; } || :
 
-# Collect the names of rules starting with `sc_'.
-syntax-check-rules := $(shell sed -n 's/^\(sc_[a-zA-Z0-9_-]*\):.*/\1/p' $(ME))
-.PHONY: $(syntax-check-rules)
+# Avoid useless parentheses like those in this example:
+# #if defined (SYMBOL) || defined (SYM2)
+sc_useless_cpp_parens:
+       @prohibit='^# *if .*defined *\('                                \
+       halt='found useless parentheses in cpp directive'               \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# List headers for which HAVE_HEADER_H is always true, assuming you are
+# using the appropriate gnulib module.  CAUTION: for each "unnecessary"
+# #if HAVE_HEADER_H that you remove, be sure that your project explicitly
+# requires the gnulib module that guarantees the usability of that header.
+gl_assured_headers_ = \
+  cd $(gnulib_dir)/lib && echo *.in.h|sed 's/\.in\.h//g'
+
+# Convert the list of names to upper case, and replace each space with "|".
+az_ = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
+AZ_ = ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
+gl_header_upper_case_or_ =                                             \
+  $$($(gl_assured_headers_)                                            \
+    | tr $(az_)/.- $(AZ_)___                                           \
+    | tr -s ' ' '|'                                                    \
+    )
+sc_prohibit_always_true_header_tests:
+       @or=$(gl_header_upper_case_or_);                                \
+       re="HAVE_($$or)_H";                                             \
+       prohibit='\<'"$$re"'\>'                                         \
+       halt='do not test the above HAVE_<header>_H symbol(s);\n'\
+'  with the corresponding gnulib module, they are always true'         \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# ==================================================================
+gl_other_headers_ ?= \
+  intprops.h   \
+  openat.h     \
+  stat-macros.h
+
+# Perl -lne code to extract "significant" cpp-defined symbols from a
+# gnulib header file, eliminating a few common false-positives.
+gl_extract_significant_defines_ = \
+  /^\# *define ([^_ (][^ (]*)(\s*\(|\s+\w+)/\
+    && $$2 !~ /(?:rpl_|_used_without_)/\
+    && $$1 !~ /^(?:NSIG|ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN)$$/\
+    and print $$1
+
+# Create a list of regular expressions matching the names
+# of macros that are guaranteed to be defined by parts of gnulib.
+define def_sym_regex
+       gen_h=$(gl_generated_headers_);                                 \
+       (cd $(gnulib_dir)/lib;                                          \
+         for f in *.in.h $(gl_other_headers_); do                      \
+           perl -lne '$(gl_extract_significant_defines_)' $$f;         \
+         done;                                                         \
+       ) | sort -u                                                     \
+         | grep -Ev '^ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN'                              \
+         | sed 's/^/^ *# *(define|undef)  */;s/$$/\\>/'
+endef
+
+# Don't define macros that we already get from gnulib header files.
+sc_prohibit_always-defined_macros:
+       @if test -d $(gnulib_dir); then                                 \
+         case $$(echo all: | grep -l -f - Makefile) in Makefile);; *)  \
+           echo '$(ME): skipping $@: you lack GNU grep' 1>&2; exit 0;; \
+         esac;                                                         \
+         $(def_sym_regex) | grep -E -f - $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))         \
+           && { echo '$(ME): define the above via some gnulib .h file' \
+                 1>&2;  exit 1; } || :;                                \
+       fi
+# ==================================================================
+
+# Prohibit checked in backup files.
+sc_prohibit_backup_files:
+       @$(VC_LIST) | grep '~$$' &&                             \
+         { echo '$(ME): found version controlled backup file' 1>&2;    \
+           exit 1; } || :
+
+# Require the latest GPL.
+sc_GPL_version:
+       @prohibit='either ''version [^3]'                               \
+       halt='GPL vN, N!=3'                                             \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Require the latest GFDL.  Two regexp, since some .texi files end up
+# line wrapping between 'Free Documentation License,' and 'Version'.
+_GFDL_regexp = (Free ''Documentation.*Version 1\.[^3]|Version 1\.[^3] or any)
+sc_GFDL_version:
+       @prohibit='$(_GFDL_regexp)'                                     \
+       halt='GFDL vN, N!=3'                                            \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Don't use Texinfo @acronym{} as it is not a good idea.
+texinfo_suffix_re_ ?= \.(txi|texi(nfo)?)$$
+sc_texinfo_acronym:
+       @prohibit='@acronym\{'                                          \
+       in_vc_files='$(texinfo_suffix_re_)'                             \
+       halt='found use of Texinfo @acronym{}'                          \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+cvs_keywords = \
+  Author|Date|Header|Id|Name|Locker|Log|RCSfile|Revision|Source|State
+
+sc_prohibit_cvs_keyword:
+       @prohibit='\$$($(cvs_keywords))\$$'                             \
+       halt='do not use CVS keyword expansion'                         \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# This Perl code is slightly obfuscated.  Not only is each "$" doubled
+# because it's in a Makefile, but the $$c's are comments;  we cannot
+# use "#" due to the way the script ends up concatenated onto one line.
+# It would be much more concise, and would produce better output (including
+# counts) if written as:
+#   perl -ln -0777 -e '/\n(\n+)$/ and print "$ARGV: ".length $1' ...
+# but that would be far less efficient, reading the entire contents
+# of each file, rather than just the last two bytes of each.
+#
+# This is a perl script that is expected to be the single-quoted argument
+# to a command-line "-le".  The remaining arguments are file names.
+# Print the name of each file that ends in two or more newline bytes.
+# Exit nonzero if at least one such file is found, otherwise, exit 0.
+# Warn about, but otherwise ignore open failure.  Ignore seek/read failure.
+#
+# Use this if you want to remove trailing empty lines from selected files:
+#   perl -pi -0777 -e 's/\n\n+$/\n/' files...
+#
+detect_empty_lines_at_EOF_ =                                           \
+  foreach my $$f (@ARGV)                                               \
+    {                                                                  \
+      open F, "<", $$f or (warn "failed to open $$f: $$!\n"), next;    \
+      my $$p = sysseek (F, -2, 2);                                     \
+      my $$c = "seek failure probably means file has < 2 bytes; ignore"; \
+      my $$last_two_bytes;                                             \
+      defined $$p and $$p = sysread F, $$last_two_bytes, 2;            \
+      close F;                                                         \
+      $$c = "ignore read failure";                                     \
+      $$p && $$last_two_bytes eq "\n\n" and (print $$f), $$fail=1;     \
+    }                                                                  \
+  END { exit defined $$fail }
+sc_prohibit_empty_lines_at_EOF:
+       @perl -le '$(detect_empty_lines_at_EOF_)' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT)) \
+          || { echo '$(ME): the above files end with empty line(s)'     \
+               1>&2; exit 1; } || :;                                   \
+
+# Make sure we don't use st_blocks.  Use ST_NBLOCKS instead.
+# This is a bit of a kludge, since it prevents use of the string
+# even in comments, but for now it does the job with no false positives.
+sc_prohibit_stat_st_blocks:
+       @prohibit='[.>]st_blocks'                                       \
+       halt='do not use st_blocks; use ST_NBLOCKS'                     \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
-syntax-check: $(syntax-check-rules)
+# Make sure we don't define any S_IS* macros in src/*.c files.
+# They're already defined via gnulib's sys/stat.h replacement.
+sc_prohibit_S_IS_definition:
+       @prohibit='^ *# *define  *S_IS'                                 \
+       halt='do not define S_IS* macros; include <sys/stat.h>'         \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+_ptm1 = use "test C1 && test C2", not "test C1 -''a C2"
+_ptm2 = use "test C1 || test C2", not "test C1 -''o C2"
+# Using test's -a and -o operators is not portable.
+# We prefer test over [, since the latter is spelled [[ in configure.ac.
+sc_prohibit_test_minus_ao:
+       @prohibit='(\<test| \[+) .+ -[ao] '                             \
+       halt='$(_ptm1); $(_ptm2)'                                       \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Each program that uses proper_name_utf8 must link with one of the
+# ICONV libraries.  Otherwise, some ICONV library must appear in LDADD.
+# The perl -0777 invocation below extracts the possibly-multi-line
+# definition of LDADD from the appropriate Makefile.am and exits 0
+# when it contains "ICONV".
+sc_proper_name_utf8_requires_ICONV:
+       @progs=$$(grep -l 'proper_name_utf8 ''("' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT)));\
+       if test "x$$progs" != x; then                                   \
+         fail=0;                                                       \
+         for p in $$progs; do                                          \
+           dir=$$(dirname "$$p");                                      \
+           perl -0777                                                  \
+             -ne 'exit !(/^LDADD =(.+?[^\\]\n)/ms && $$1 =~ /ICONV/)'  \
+             $$dir/Makefile.am && continue;                            \
+           base=$$(basename "$$p" .c);                                 \
+           grep "$${base}_LDADD.*ICONV)" $$dir/Makefile.am > /dev/null \
+             || { fail=1; echo 1>&2 "$(ME): $$p uses proper_name_utf8"; }; \
+         done;                                                         \
+         test $$fail = 1 &&                                            \
+           { echo 1>&2 '$(ME): the above do not link with any ICONV library'; \
+             exit 1; } || :;                                           \
+       fi
+
+# Warn about "c0nst struct Foo const foo[]",
+# but not about "char const *const foo" or "#define const const".
+sc_redundant_const:
+       @prohibit='\bconst\b[[:space:][:alnum:]]{2,}\bconst\b'          \
+       halt='redundant "const" in declarations'                        \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+sc_const_long_option:
+       @grep '^ *static.*struct option ' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT))         \
+         | grep -Ev 'const struct option|struct option const' && {     \
+             echo 1>&2 '$(ME): add "const" to the above declarations'; \
+             exit 1; } || :
+
+NEWS_hash =                                                            \
+  $$(sed -n '/^\*.* $(PREV_VERSION_REGEXP) ([0-9-]*)/,$$p'             \
+       $(srcdir)/NEWS                                                  \
+     | perl -0777 -pe                                                  \
+       's/^Copyright.+?Free\sSoftware\sFoundation,\sInc\.\n//ms'       \
+     | md5sum -                                                                \
+     | sed 's/ .*//')
+
+# Ensure that we don't accidentally insert an entry into an old NEWS block.
+sc_immutable_NEWS:
+       @if test -f $(srcdir)/NEWS; then                                \
+         test "$(NEWS_hash)" = '$(old_NEWS_hash)' && : ||              \
+           { echo '$(ME): you have modified old NEWS' 1>&2; exit 1; }; \
+       fi
+
+# Update the hash stored above.  Do this after each release and
+# for any corrections to old entries.
+update-NEWS-hash: NEWS
+       perl -pi -e 's/^(old_NEWS_hash[ \t]+:?=[ \t]+).*/$${1}'"$(NEWS_hash)/" \
+         $(srcdir)/cfg.mk
+
+# Ensure that we use only the standard $(VAR) notation,
+# not @...@ in Makefile.am, now that we can rely on automake
+# to emit a definition for each substituted variable.
+# We use perl rather than "grep -nE ..." to exempt a single
+# use of an @...@-delimited variable name in src/Makefile.am.
+# Allow the package to add exceptions via a hook in cfg.mk;
+# for example, @PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@ can be permitted by
+# setting this to ' && !/PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER/'.
+_makefile_at_at_check_exceptions ?=
+sc_makefile_at_at_check:
+       @perl -ne '/\@[A-Z_0-9]+\@/'$(_makefile_at_at_check_exceptions) \
+         -e 'and (print "$$ARGV:$$.: $$_"), $$m=1; END {exit !$$m}'    \
+           $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep -E '(^|/)Makefile\.am$$')       \
+         && { echo '$(ME): use $$(...), not @...@' 1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+
+news-check: NEWS
+       if sed -n $(news-check-lines-spec)p $(srcdir)/NEWS              \
+           | grep -E $(news-check-regexp) >/dev/null; then             \
+         :;                                                            \
+       else                                                            \
+         echo 'NEWS: $$(news-check-regexp) failed to match' 1>&2;      \
+         exit 1;                                                       \
+       fi
+
+sc_makefile_TAB_only_indentation:
+       @prohibit='^    [ ]{8}'                                         \
+       in_vc_files='akefile|\.mk$$'                                    \
+       halt='found TAB-8-space indentation'                            \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+sc_m4_quote_check:
+       @prohibit='(AC_DEFINE(_UNQUOTED)?|AC_DEFUN)\([^[]'              \
+       in_vc_files='(^configure\.ac|\.m4)$$'                           \
+       halt='quote the first arg to AC_DEF*'                           \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+fix_po_file_diag = \
+'you have changed the set of files with translatable diagnostics;\n\
+apply the above patch\n'
+
+# Verify that all source files using _() are listed in po/POTFILES.in.
+po_file = po/POTFILES.in
+sc_po_check:
+       @if test -f $(po_file); then                                    \
+         grep -E -v '^(#|$$)' $(po_file)                               \
+           | grep -v '^src/false\.c$$' | sort > $@-1;                  \
+         files=;                                                       \
+         for file in $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT)) lib/*.[ch]; do              \
+           test -r $$file || continue;                                 \
+           case $$file in                                              \
+             *.m4|*.mk) continue ;;                                    \
+             *.?|*.??) ;;                                              \
+             *) continue;;                                             \
+           esac;                                                       \
+           case $$file in                                              \
+           *.[ch])                                                     \
+             base=`expr " $$file" : ' \(.*\)\..'`;                     \
+             { test -f $$base.l || test -f $$base.y; } && continue;;   \
+           esac;                                                       \
+           files="$$files $$file";                                     \
+         done;                                                         \
+         grep -E -l '\b(N?_|gettext *)\([^)"]*("|$$)' $$files          \
+           | sort -u > $@-2;                                           \
+         diff -u -L $(po_file) -L $(po_file) $@-1 $@-2                 \
+           || { printf '$(ME): '$(fix_po_file_diag) 1>&2; exit 1; };   \
+         rm -f $@-1 $@-2;                                              \
+       fi
+
+# Sometimes it is useful to change the PATH environment variable
+# in Makefiles.  When doing so, it's better not to use the Unix-centric
+# path separator of `:', but rather the automake-provided `$(PATH_SEPARATOR)'.
+msg = '$(ME): Do not use `:'\'' above; use $$(PATH_SEPARATOR) instead'
+sc_makefile_path_separator_check:
+       @prohibit='PATH[=].*:'                                          \
+       in_vc_files='akefile|\.mk$$'                                    \
+       halt=$(msg)                                                     \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Check that `make alpha' will not fail at the end of the process.
+writable-files:
+       if test -d $(release_archive_dir); then :; else                 \
+         for file in $(distdir).tar.gz                                 \
+                     $(release_archive_dir)/$(distdir).tar.gz; do      \
+           test -e $$file || continue;                                 \
+           test -w $$file                                              \
+             || { echo ERROR: $$file is not writable; fail=1; };       \
+         done;                                                         \
+         test "$$fail" && exit 1 || : ;                                \
+       fi
+
+v_etc_file = lib/version-etc.c
+sample-test = tests/sample-test
+texi = doc/$(PACKAGE).texi
+# Make sure that the copyright date in $(v_etc_file) is up to date.
+# Do the same for the $(sample-test) and the main doc/.texi file.
+sc_copyright_check:
+       @require='enum { COPYRIGHT_YEAR = '$$(date +%Y)' };'            \
+       in_files=$(v_etc_file)                                          \
+       halt='out of date copyright in $(v_etc_file); update it'        \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+       @require='# Copyright \(C\) '$$(date +%Y)' Free'                \
+       in_vc_files=$(sample-test)                                      \
+       halt='out of date copyright in $(sample-test); update it'       \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+       @require='Copyright @copyright\{\} .*'$$(date +%Y)' Free'       \
+       in_vc_files=$(texi)                                             \
+       halt='out of date copyright in $(texi); update it'              \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# If tests/help-version exists and seems to be new enough, assume that its
+# use of init.sh and path_prepend_ is correct, and ensure that every other
+# use of init.sh is identical.
+# This is useful because help-version cross-checks prog --version
+# with $(VERSION), which verifies that its path_prepend_ invocation
+# sets PATH correctly.  This is an inexpensive way to ensure that
+# the other init.sh-using tests also get it right.
+_hv_file ?= $(srcdir)/tests/help-version
+_hv_regex_weak ?= ^ *\. .*/init\.sh"
+_hv_regex_strong ?= ^ *\. "\$${srcdir=\.}/init\.sh"
+sc_cross_check_PATH_usage_in_tests:
+       @if test -f $(_hv_file); then                                   \
+         grep -l 'VERSION mismatch' $(_hv_file) >/dev/null             \
+           || { echo "$@: skipped: no such file: $(_hv_file)" 1>&2;    \
+                exit 0; };                                             \
+         grep -lE '$(_hv_regex_strong)' $(_hv_file) >/dev/null         \
+           || { echo "$@: $(_hv_file) lacks conforming use of init.sh" 1>&2; \
+                exit 1; };                                             \
+         good=$$(grep -E '$(_hv_regex_strong)' $(_hv_file));           \
+         grep -LFx "$$good"                                            \
+               $$(grep -lE '$(_hv_regex_weak)' $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT)))  \
+             | grep . &&                                               \
+           { echo "$(ME): the above files use path_prepend_ inconsistently" \
+               1>&2; exit 1; } || :;                                   \
+       fi
+
+# #if HAVE_... will evaluate to false for any non numeric string.
+# That would be flagged by using -Wundef, however gnulib currently
+# tests many undefined macros, and so we can't enable that option.
+# So at least preclude common boolean strings as macro values.
+sc_Wundef_boolean:
+       @prohibit='^#define.*(yes|no|true|false)$$'                     \
+       in_files='$(CONFIG_INCLUDE)'                                    \
+       halt='Use 0 or 1 for macro values'                              \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+sc_vulnerable_makefile_CVE-2009-4029:
+       @prohibit='perm -777 -exec chmod a\+rwx|chmod 777 \$$\(distdir\)' \
+       in_files=$$(find $(srcdir) -name Makefile.in)                   \
+       halt='the above files are vulnerable; beware of running\n'\
+'"make dist*" rules, and upgrade to fixed automake\n'\
+'see http://bugzilla.redhat.com/542609 for details'                    \
+         $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+vc-diff-check:
+       (unset CDPATH; cd $(srcdir) && $(VC) diff) > vc-diffs || :
+       if test -s vc-diffs; then                               \
+         cat vc-diffs;                                         \
+         echo "Some files are locally modified:" 1>&2;         \
+         exit 1;                                               \
+       else                                                    \
+         rm vc-diffs;                                          \
+       fi
+
+rel-files = $(DIST_ARCHIVES)
+
+gnulib_dir ?= $(srcdir)/gnulib
+gnulib-version = $$(cd $(gnulib_dir) && git describe)
+bootstrap-tools ?= autoconf,automake,gnulib
+
+# If it's not already specified, derive the GPG key ID from
+# the signed tag we've just applied to mark this release.
+gpg_key_ID ?= \
+  $$(git cat-file tag v$(VERSION) > .ann-sig \
+     && gpgv .ann-sig - < /dev/null 2>&1 \
+         | sed -n '/.*key ID \([0-9A-F]*\)/s//\1/p'; rm -f .ann-sig)
+
+translation_project_ ?= coordinator@translationproject.org
+announcement_Cc_ ?= $(translation_project_), $(PACKAGE_BUGREPORT)
+announcement_mail_headers_ ?=                                          \
+To: info-gnu@gnu.org                                                   \
+Cc: $(announcement_Cc_)                                                        \
+Mail-Followup-To: $(PACKAGE_BUGREPORT)
+
+announcement: NEWS ChangeLog $(rel-files)
+       @$(build_aux)/announce-gen                                      \
+           --mail-headers='$(announcement_mail_headers_)'              \
+           --release-type=$(RELEASE_TYPE)                              \
+           --package=$(PACKAGE)                                        \
+           --prev=$(PREV_VERSION)                                      \
+           --curr=$(VERSION)                                           \
+           --gpg-key-id=$(gpg_key_ID)                                  \
+           --news=$(srcdir)/NEWS                                       \
+           --bootstrap-tools=$(bootstrap-tools)                        \
+           --gnulib-version=$(gnulib-version)                          \
+           --no-print-checksums                                        \
+           $(addprefix --url-dir=, $(url_dir_list))
+
+## ---------------- ##
+## Updating files.  ##
+## ---------------- ##
+
+ftp-gnu = ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu
+www-gnu = http://www.gnu.org
+
+upload_dest_dir_ ?= $(PACKAGE)
+emit_upload_commands:
+       @echo =====================================
+       @echo =====================================
+       @echo "$(build_aux)/gnupload $(GNUPLOADFLAGS) \\"
+       @echo "    --to $(gnu_rel_host):$(upload_dest_dir_) \\"
+       @echo "  $(rel-files)"
+       @echo '# send the ~/announce-$(my_distdir) e-mail'
+       @echo =====================================
+       @echo =====================================
+
+noteworthy = * Noteworthy changes in release ?.? (????-??-??) [?]
+define emit-commit-log
+  printf '%s\n' 'post-release administrivia' '' \
+    '* NEWS: Add header line for next release.' \
+    '* .prev-version: Record previous version.' \
+    '* cfg.mk (old_NEWS_hash): Auto-update.'
+endef
+
+.PHONY: no-submodule-changes
+no-submodule-changes:
+       if test -d $(srcdir)/.git; then                                 \
+         diff=$$(cd $(srcdir) && git submodule -q foreach              \
+                 git diff-index --name-only HEAD)                      \
+           || exit 1;                                                  \
+         case $$diff in '') ;;                                         \
+           *) echo '$(ME): submodule files are locally modified:';     \
+               echo "$$diff"; exit 1;; esac;                           \
+       else                                                            \
+         : ;                                                           \
+       fi
+
+.PHONY: alpha beta stable
+ALL_RECURSIVE_TARGETS += alpha beta stable
+alpha beta stable: $(local-check) writable-files no-submodule-changes
+       test $@ = stable                                                \
+         && { echo $(VERSION) | grep -E '^[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+$$'         \
+              || { echo "invalid version string: $(VERSION)" 1>&2; exit 1;};}\
+         || :
+       $(MAKE) vc-diff-check
+       $(MAKE) news-check
+       $(MAKE) distcheck
+       $(MAKE) dist XZ_OPT=-9ev
+       $(MAKE) $(release-prep-hook) RELEASE_TYPE=$@
+       $(MAKE) -s emit_upload_commands RELEASE_TYPE=$@
+
+# Override this in cfg.mk if you follow different procedures.
+release-prep-hook ?= release-prep
+
+.PHONY: release-prep
+release-prep:
+       case $$RELEASE_TYPE in alpha|beta|stable) ;; \
+         *) echo "invalid RELEASE_TYPE: $$RELEASE_TYPE" 1>&2; exit 1;; esac
+       $(MAKE) -s announcement > ~/announce-$(my_distdir)
+       if test -d $(release_archive_dir); then                 \
+         ln $(rel-files) $(release_archive_dir);               \
+         chmod a-w $(rel-files);                               \
+       fi
+       echo $(VERSION) > $(prev_version_file)
+       $(MAKE) update-NEWS-hash
+       perl -pi -e '$$. == 3 and print "$(noteworthy)\n\n\n"' NEWS
+       $(emit-commit-log) > .ci-msg
+       $(VC) commit -F .ci-msg -a
+       rm .ci-msg
+
+# Override this with e.g., -s $(srcdir)/some_other_name.texi
+# if the default $(PACKAGE)-derived name doesn't apply.
+gendocs_options_ ?=
+
+.PHONY: web-manual
+web-manual:
+       @test -z "$(manual_title)" \
+         && { echo define manual_title in cfg.mk 1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+       @cd '$(srcdir)/doc'; \
+         $(SHELL) ../build-aux/gendocs.sh $(gendocs_options_) \
+            -o '$(abs_builddir)/doc/manual' \
+            --email $(PACKAGE_BUGREPORT) $(PACKAGE) \
+           "$(PACKAGE_NAME) - $(manual_title)"
+       @echo " *** Upload the doc/manual directory to web-cvs."
 
 # Code Coverage
 
 init-coverage:
-       make clean
+       $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) clean
        lcov --directory . --zerocounters
 
 COVERAGE_CCOPTS ?= "-g --coverage"
 COVERAGE_OUT ?= doc/coverage
 
 build-coverage:
-       make CFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) CXXFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS)
-       make CFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) CXXFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) check
+       $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) CFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) CXXFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS)
+       $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) CFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) CXXFLAGS=$(COVERAGE_CCOPTS) check
        mkdir -p $(COVERAGE_OUT)
        lcov --directory . --output-file $(COVERAGE_OUT)/$(PACKAGE).info \
                --capture
@@ -131,7 +1174,8 @@ coverage: init-coverage build-coverage gen-coverage
 
 # Update gettext files.
 PACKAGE ?= $(shell basename $(PWD))
-POURL = http://translationproject.org/latest/$(PACKAGE)/
+PO_DOMAIN ?= $(PACKAGE)
+POURL = http://translationproject.org/latest/$(PO_DOMAIN)/
 PODIR ?= po
 refresh-po:
        rm -f $(PODIR)/*.po && \
@@ -139,9 +1183,28 @@ refresh-po:
        wget --no-verbose --directory-prefix $(PODIR) --no-directories --recursive --level 1 --accept .po --accept .po.1 $(POURL) && \
        echo 'en@boldquot' > $(PODIR)/LINGUAS && \
        echo 'en@quot' >> $(PODIR)/LINGUAS && \
-       ls $(PODIR)/*.po | sed 's/.po//' | sed 's,$(PODIR)/,,' | sort >> $(PODIR)/LINGUAS
+       ls $(PODIR)/*.po | sed 's/\.po//' | sed 's,$(PODIR)/,,' | sort >> $(PODIR)/LINGUAS
 
+ # Running indent once is not idempotent, but running it twice is.
 INDENT_SOURCES ?= $(C_SOURCES)
 .PHONY: indent
 indent:
        indent $(INDENT_SOURCES)
+       indent $(INDENT_SOURCES)
+
+# If you want to set UPDATE_COPYRIGHT_* environment variables,
+# put the assignments in this variable.
+update-copyright-env ?=
+
+# Run this rule once per year (usually early in January)
+# to update all FSF copyright year lists in your project.
+# If you have an additional project-specific rule,
+# add it in cfg.mk along with a line 'update-copyright: prereq'.
+# By default, exclude all variants of COPYING; you can also
+# add exemptions (such as ChangeLog..* for rotated change logs)
+# in the file .x-update-copyright.
+.PHONY: update-copyright
+update-copyright:
+       grep -l -w Copyright                                             \
+         $$(export VC_LIST_EXCEPT_DEFAULT=COPYING && $(VC_LIST_EXCEPT)) \
+         | $(update-copyright-env) xargs $(build_aux)/$@