@node Makefile Conventions
@chapter Makefile Conventions
-@comment standards.texi does not print an index, but make.texinfo does.
@cindex makefile, conventions for
@cindex conventions for makefiles
@cindex standards for makefiles
@c Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001,
-@c 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+@c 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c
@c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
@c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
@smallexample
foo.1 : foo.man sedscript
- sed -e sedscript foo.man > foo.1
+ sed -f sedscript foo.man > foo.1
@end smallexample
@noindent
@smallexample
foo.1 : foo.man sedscript
- sed -e $(srcdir)/sedscript $(srcdir)/foo.man > $@@
+ sed -f $(srcdir)/sedscript $(srcdir)/foo.man > $@@
@end smallexample
GNU distributions usually contain some files which are not source
@c mkfifo mknod tee uname
@example
-awk cat cmp cp diff echo egrep expr false grep install-info
-ln ls mkdir mv pwd rm rmdir sed sleep sort tar test touch tr true
+awk cat cmp cp diff echo egrep expr false grep install-info ln ls
+mkdir mv printf pwd rm rmdir sed sleep sort tar test touch tr true
@end example
Compression programs such as @code{gzip} can be used in the
@node DESTDIR
-@section @code{DESTDIR}: support for staged installs
+@section @code{DESTDIR}: Support for Staged Installs
@vindex DESTDIR
@cindex staged installs
useful.
If your installation step would normally install
-@file{/usr/local/bin/foo} and @file{/usr/local/lib/libfoo.a}, then an
+@file{/usr/local/bin/foo} and @file{/usr/@/local/@/lib/@/libfoo.a}, then an
installation invoked as in the example above would install
@file{/tmp/stage/usr/local/bin/foo} and
@file{/tmp/stage/usr/local/lib/libfoo.a} instead.
default settings specified here so that all GNU packages behave
identically, allowing the installer to achieve any desired layout.
+@cindex directories, creating installation
+@cindex installation directories, creating
+All installation directories, and their parent directories, should be
+created (if necessary) before they are installed into.
+
These first two variables set the root for the installation. All the
other installation directories should be subdirectories of one of
these two, and nothing should be directly installed into these two
variables so that you can move these program-specific files without
altering the location for Info files, man pages, etc.
+@c raggedright (not until next Texinfo release)
This should normally be @file{/usr/local/share}, but write it as
@file{$(datarootdir)}. (If you are using Autoconf, write it as
@samp{@@datadir@@}.)
+@c end raggedright
The definition of @samp{datadir} is the same for all packages, so you
should install your data in a subdirectory thereof. Most packages
@table @samp
@item includedir
-@c rewritten to avoid overfull hbox --roland
The directory for installing header files to be included by user
programs with the C @samp{#include} preprocessor directive. This
should normally be @file{/usr/local/include}, but write it as
the @code{install-info} program if it is present. @code{install-info}
is a program that edits the Info @file{dir} file to add or update the
menu entry for the given Info file; it is part of the Texinfo package.
-Here is a sample rule to install an Info file:
+
+Here is a sample rule to install an Info file that also tries to
+handle some additional situations, such as @code{install-info} not
+being present.
@comment This example has been carefully formatted for the Make manual.
@comment Please do not reformat it without talking to bug-make@gnu.org.
@smallexample
-$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info
- $(POST_INSTALL)
-# There may be a newer info file in . than in srcdir.
- -if test -f foo.info; then d=.; \
- else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
- $(INSTALL_DATA) $$d/foo.info $(DESTDIR)$@@; \
+do-install-info: foo.info installdirs
+ $(NORMAL_INSTALL)
+# Prefer an info file in . to one in srcdir.
+ if test -f foo.info; then d=.; \
+ else d="$(srcdir)"; fi; \
+ $(INSTALL_DATA) $$d/foo.info \
+ "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info"
# Run install-info only if it exists.
# Use `if' instead of just prepending `-' to the
# line so we notice real errors from install-info.
-# We use `$(SHELL) -c' because some shells do not
+# Use `$(SHELL) -c' because some shells do not
# fail gracefully when there is an unknown command.
+ $(POST_INSTALL)
if $(SHELL) -c 'install-info --version' \
>/dev/null 2>&1; then \
- install-info --dir-file=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir \
- $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info; \
+ install-info --dir-file="$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir" \
+ "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info"; \
else true; fi
@end smallexample
It's useful to add a target named @samp{installdirs} to create the
directories where files are installed, and their parent directories.
There is a script called @file{mkinstalldirs} which is convenient for
-this; you can find it in the Texinfo package.
-@c It's in /gd/gnu/lib/mkinstalldirs.
+this; you can find it in the Gnulib package.
You can use a rule like this:
@comment This has been carefully formatted to look decent in the Make manual.
@end smallexample
@noindent
-or, if you wish to support @env{DESTDIR},
+or, if you wish to support @env{DESTDIR} (strongly encouraged),
@smallexample
# Make sure all installation directories (e.g. $(bindir))
projects / gnulib.git / blobdiff