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8 C-KERMIT 9.0 UNIX MANUAL PAGE AND TUTORIAL
11 [11]The Kermit Project, [12]Columbia University
13 [ [13]PDF version ] [ [14]Nroff version ]
15 This document is intended to give the beginner sufficient
16 information to make basic (if not advanced) use of C-Kermit 9.0.
17 Although it might be rather long for a Unix manual page (about 1600
18 lines), it's still far shorter than the [15]C-Kermit manual, which
19 should be consulted for advanced topics such as customization,
20 character-sets, scripting, etc. We also attempt to provide a clear
21 structural overview of C-Kermit's many capabilities, functional
22 areas, states, and modes and their interrelation, that should be
23 helpful to beginners and veterans alike, as well as to those
24 upgrading to the new release. Thanks to Christine Gianone for her
25 work on this document before she was laid off in 2005.
27 Most recent update: Tue Jun 28 09:02:45 2011
34 * [19]COMMAND LANGUAGE
35 * [20]INITIALIZATION FILE
36 * [21]MODES OF OPERATION
37 * [22]MAKING CONNECTIONS
38 * [23]TRANSFERRING FILES WITH KERMIT
39 * [24]KERMIT CLIENT/SERVER CONNECTIONS
41 * [25]KERMIT'S BUILT-IN FTP AND HTTP CLIENTS
42 * [26]INTERNET KERMIT SERVICE
44 * [28]ALTERNATIVE COMMAND-LINE PERSONALITIES
47 * [31]DOCUMENTATION AND UPDATES
51 DESCRIPTION [34]Top [35]Contents [36]Next
53 [37]C-Kermit is an all-purpose communications software package from the
54 [38]Kermit Project at [39]Columbia University that:
56 * Is portable to many platforms, Unix and non-Unix alike.
57 * Can make both serial and network connections.
58 * Can conduct interactive terminal sessions over its connection.
59 * Can transfer text or binary files over the same connection.
60 * Can convert text-file character sets in terminal mode or file
62 * Is customizable in every aspect of its operation.
64 C-Kermit is a modem program, a Telnet client, an Rlogin client, an FTP
65 client, an HTTP client, and on selected platforms, also an X.25 client.
66 It can make its own secure Internet connections using IETF-approved
67 security methods including Kerberos IV, Kerberos V, SSL/TLS, and SRP
68 and it can also make SSH (Secure Shell) connections through your
69 external SSH client application. It can be the far-end file-transfer or
70 client/server partner of your desktop Kermit client. It can also accept
71 incoming dialed and network connections. It can even be installed as an
72 Internet service on its own standard TCP socket, 1649 [[40]RFC2839,
75 And perhaps most important, everything you can do "by hand"
76 (interactively) with C-Kermit, can be "scripted" (automated) using its
77 built-in cross-platform transport-independent script programming
78 language, which happens to be identical to its interactive command
81 This manual page offers an overview of C-Kermit 9.0 for Unix ("Unix" is
82 an operating system family that includes AIX, DG/UX, FreeBSD, HP-UX,
83 IRIX, Linux, Mac OS X, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Open Server, Open Unix, QNX,
84 Solaris, SunOS, System V R3, System V R4, Tru64 Unix, Unixware, Xenix,
85 and many others). For thorough coverage, please consult the published
86 C-Kermit manual and supplements (see [42]DOCUMENTATION below). For
87 further information about C-Kermit, Kermit software for other
88 platforms, and Kermit manuals, visit the Kermit Project website:
90 [43]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
92 This is a longer-than-average manual page, and yet it barely scratches
93 the surface. Don't be daunted. C-Kermit is a large and complex package,
94 evolving over decades of practice and experience, but that doesn't mean
95 it's hard to learn or use. Its most commonly used functions are
96 explained here with pointers to additional information elsewhere.
98 [44]Kermit Home [45]C-Kermit Home [46]C-Kermit FAQ
100 SYNOPSIS [47]Top [48]Contents [49]Next [50]Previous
102 Usage: kermit [filename] [-x arg [-x arg]...[-yyy]..] [ {=,--,+} text ] ]
105 * -x is an option requiring an argument;
106 * -y is an option with no argument.
108 If the first command-line argument is the name of a file,
109 interactive-mode commands are executed from the file. The '=' (or "--")
110 argument tells Kermit not to parse the remainder of the command line,
111 but to make the words following '=' available as \%1, \%2, ... \%9. The
112 "+" argument is like "=" but for use in "kerbang scripts" (explained
113 [51]below). A second command-line format allows the one and only
114 argument to be a [52]Telnet, FTP, HTTP, or IKSD URL.
118 1. [53]The command file (if any).
119 2. [54]The initialization file, if any, unless suppressed with -Y.
120 3. [55]The customization file (if it is executed by the initialization
122 4. [56]The command-line URL (if any, and if so, execution stops here).
123 5. [57]Command-line options (if any).
124 6. [58]Interactive commands.
126 Some command-line options can cause actions (such as -s to send a
127 file); others just set parameters. If any action options are included
128 on the command line, Kermit exits when finished unless also given the
129 -S ("stay") option. If no action options are given, no initialization
130 or command files contained an EXIT or QUIT command, and no fatal errors
131 occurred, Kermit issues its prompt and waits for you to type commands.
133 Bear in mind that C-Kermit can be built with selected features
134 disabled, and also that certain features are not available on all
135 platforms. For example, C-Kermit can't be built with TCP/IP support
136 on a platform that does not have TCP/IP header files and libraries
137 (and even if Kermit does include TCP/IP support, it can't be used to
138 make TCP/IP connections on a computer that does not have a TCP/IP
139 stack installed). If your version of C-Kermit lacks a feature
140 mentioned here, use its SHOW FEATURES command to see what might have
143 C-Kermit has three kinds of commands: regular single-letter
144 command-line options, extended-format command-line options, and
145 interactive commands.
147 [59]Kermit Home [60]C-Kermit Home [61]C-Kermit FAQ
149 OPTIONS [62]Top [63]Contents [64]Next [65]Previous <- (Most people should
150 click Next to skip around this section...)
152 Like most Unix commands, C-Kermit can be be given options on the command
153 line. But C-Kermit also can be used interactively by giving it [66]commands
154 composed of words, which are more intuitive than cryptic command-line
155 options, and more flexible too. In other words, you don't have to use
156 C-Kermit's command-line options, but they are available if you want to. (By
157 the same token, you don't have to use its interactive commands either -- you
158 can use either or both in any combination.)
160 C-Kermit is generally installed in the PATH as "kermit", and therefore is
161 invoked by typing the word "kermit" (lowercase) at the shell prompt, and then
162 pressing the Return or Enter key. If you wish to include command-line
163 options, put them after the word "kermit" but before pressing Return or
164 Enter, separated by spaces, for example:
166 $ kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz
168 ('$' is the shell prompt; "kermit -s ckermit.tar.gz" is what you type,
169 followed by Return or Enter.)
171 Here is a list of C-Kermit's single-letter command-line options, which
172 start with a single dash (-), in ASCII ("alphabetical") order.
173 Alphabetic case is significant (-A is not the same as -a). The Action?
174 column contains Y for action options and N for non-action options.
176 Option Action? Description
177 -0 N (digit zero) 100% transparent Connect state for "in-the-middle"
178 operation: 8 bits, no parity, no escape character, everything passes
180 -8 N (digit eight) Connection is 8-bit clean (this is the default in
181 C-Kermit 9.0). Equivalent to the EIGHTBIT command, which in turn is a
182 shortcut for SET TERMINAL BYTESIZE 8, SET COMMAND BYTESIZE 8, SET
184 -9 arg N (digit nine) Make a connection to an FTP server. Equivalent to
185 the FTP OPEN command.
186 Argument: IP-address-or-hostname[:optional-TCP-port].
187 NOTE: C-Kermit also has a separate FTP command-line personality, with
188 regular FTP-like command-line syntax. [67]More about this below.
189 -A N Kermit is to be started as an Internet service (IKSD) (only from
191 -B N Kermit is running in Batch or Background (no controlling
192 terminal). To be used in case Kermit doesn't automatically sense its
193 background status. Equivalent to the SET BACKGROUND ON command.
194 -C arg N Interactive-mode Commands to be executed.
195 Argument: Commands separated by commas, list in doublequotes.
196 -D arg N Delay before starting to send in Remote mode. Equivalent to
197 the SET DELAY command.
198 Argument: Number of seconds.
199 -E N Exit automatically when connection closes. Equivalent to SET EXIT
201 -F arg N Use an open TCP connection.
202 Argument: Numeric file descriptor of open TCP connection.
204 -G arg Y Get file(s) from server, send contents to standard output,
205 which normally would be piped to another process.
206 Argument: Remote file specification, in quotes if it contains
209 -H N Suppress program startup Herald and greeting.
210 -I N Tell Kermit it has a reliable connection, to force streaming to be
211 used where it normally would not be. Equivalent to the SET RELIABLE ON
213 -J arg N "Be like Telnet." Like -j but implies -E.
214 Argument: IP hostname/address optionally followed by service.
215 NOTE: C-Kermit also has a separate Telnet command-line personality,
216 with regular Telnet-like command-line syntax. [68]More about this
218 -L N Recursive directory descent for files in -s option.
219 -M arg N My user name (for use with Telnet, Rlogin, FTP, etc).
220 Equivalent to the SET LOGIN USER command.
221 Argument: Username string.
222 -O Y (Uppercase letter O) Be a server for One command only. Also see:
224 -P N Don't convert file (Path) names of transferred files. Equivalent
225 to SET FILE NAMES LITERAL.
226 -Q N Quick Kermit protocol settings. Equivalent to the FAST command.
227 This is the default in C-Kermit 7.0 and later.
228 -R N Remote-only (this just makes IF REMOTE true).
229 -S N Stay (enter command parser after action options).
230 -T N Force Text mode for file transfer; implies -V. Equivalent to SET
231 TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE TYPE TEXT.
232 -V N Disable automatic per-file text/binary switching. Equivalent to
233 SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL.
234 -Y N Skip (don't execute) the initialization file.
235 -a arg N As-name for file(s) in -s, -r, or -g.
236 Argument: As-name string (alternative filename). When receiving files,
237 this can be a directory name.
238 -b arg N Speed for serial device. Equivalent to SET SPEED.
239 Argument: Numeric Bits per second for serial connections.
240 -c Y Enter Connect state before transferring files.
241 -d N Create a debug.log file with detailed debugging information (a
242 second -d adds timestamps). Equivalent to LOG DEBUG but takes effect
244 -e arg N Maximum length for incoming Kermit file-transfer packets.
245 Equivalent to SET RECEIVE PACKET-LENGTH.
246 Argument: Length in bytes.
247 -f Y Send a FINISH command to a Kermit server.
248 -g arg N Get file(s) from a Kermit server.
249 Argument: File specification on other computer, in quotes if it
250 contains metacharacters. Equivalent to GET.
251 Also see: -a, -G, -r.
252 -h Y Print Help text for single-letter command-line options (pipe thru
253 'more' to prevent scrolling).
254 -i N Force binary (Image) mode for file transfer; implies -V.
255 Equivalent to SET TRANSFER MODE MANUAL, SET FILE TYPE BINARY.
256 -j arg N Make a TCP/IP connection.
257 Argument: IP host name/address and optional service name or number.
258 Equivalent to the TELNET command.
260 -k Y Receive file(s) to standard output, which normally would be piped
263 -l arg N (Lowercase letter L) Make a connection on the given serial
264 communications device. Equivalent to the SET LINE (SET PORT) command.
265 Argument: Serial device name, e.g. /dev/ttyS0.
266 -m arg N Modem type for use with the -l device. Equivalent to the SET
268 Argument: Modem name as in SET MODEM TYPE command, e.g. "usrobotics".
269 -n Y Enter Connect state after transferring files (historical).
270 -p arg N Parity. Equivalent to the SET PARITY command.
271 Argument: One of the following: e(ven), o(dd), m(ark), n(one), s(pace).
272 -q N Quiet (suppress most messages). Equivalent to SET QUIET ON.
273 -r Y Receive file(s). Equivalent to the RECEIVE command.
274 Argument: (none, but see -a)
275 -s arg N Send file(s).
276 Argument: One or more local file specifications. Equivalent to the SEND
279 -t N (Historical) Xon (Ctrl-Q) Turnaround character for half-duplex
280 connections (used on serial linemode connections to old mainframes).
281 Equivalent to SET DUPLEX HALF, SET HANDSHAKE XON.
282 -v arg N Window size for Kermit protocol (ignored when streaming).
283 Equivalanet to SET WINDOW-SIZE.
284 Argument: Number, 1 to 32.
285 -w N Incoming files Write over existing files. Equivalent to SET FILE
287 -x Y Enter server mode. Equivalent to the SERVER command. Also see: -O.
288 -y arg N Alternative initialization file.
290 -z N Force foreground behavior. To be used in case Kermit doesn't
291 automatically sense its foreground status. Equivalent to the SET
292 BACKGROUND OFF command.
294 Extended command-line options (necessary because single-letter ones are
295 about used up) start with two dashes (--), with words rather than
296 single letters as option names. If an extended option takes an
297 argument, it is separated from the option word by a colon (:). Extended
303 --bannerfile:filename File to display upon startup or IKSD login.
304 --cdfile:filename File to be sent for display to the client when server
305 changes directory (filename is relative to the changed-to directory).
306 --cdmessage:{on,off} Enable/disable the server CD message feature.
307 --help Prints usage message for extended options.
308 --helpfile:filename Designates a file containing custom text to replace
309 the top-level HELP command.
310 --nointerrupts Disables keyboard interrupts.
311 --noperms Disables the Kermit protocol file Permissions attribute, to
312 prevent transmission of file permissions (protection) from sender to
315 Plus several other [69]IKSD-Only options.
317 See the [70]file-transfer section for examples of command-line
320 COMMAND LANGUAGE [71]Top [72]Contents [73]Next [74]Previous
322 * [75]Command Files, Macros, and Scripts
325 C-Kermit's interactive command language is the subject of a
326 [77]622-page book and another several hundred pages of updates, far too
327 much for a manual page. But it's not hard to get started. At the shell
328 prompt, just type "kermit" to get C-Kermit's interactive command
332 (/current/directory) C-Kermit>
334 Begin by typing "help" (and then press the Return or Enter key) for a
335 top-level overview, read it, and go from there. Your second command
336 should probably be "intro" (introduction). Note the prompt shows your
337 current directory (unless you tell Kermit to prompt you with something
340 Interactive commands are composed mainly of regular English words,
341 usually in the form of imperative sentences, such as:
345 which tells Kermit to send (transfer) the file whose name is oofa.txt,
348 set transfer mode automatic
350 which sets Kermit's "transfer mode" to "automatic" (whatever that
353 While typing commands, you can abbreviate, ask for help (by pressing
354 the "?" key anywhere in a command), complete keywords or filenames
355 (with the Tab or Esc key), and edit your typing with Backspace or
356 Delete, Ctrl-W, Ctrl-U, etc. You can also recall previous commands,
357 save your command history, and who knows what else. Give the INTRO
360 C-Kermit has hundreds of commands, and they can be issued in infinite
361 variety and combinations, including commands for:
363 * Making connections (SET LINE, DIAL, TELNET, SSH, FTP, CONNECT, ...)
364 * Breaking connections (HANGUP, CLOSE)
365 * Transferring files (SEND, GET, RECEIVE, MOVE, RESEND, ...)
366 * Establishing preferences (SET)
367 * Displaying preferences (SHOW)
368 * Managing local files (CD, DELETE, MKDIR, DIRECTORY, RENAME, TYPE,
370 * Managing remote files (RCD, RDEL, RMKDIR, RDIR, ...)
371 * Using local files (FOPEN, FCLOSE, FREAD, FWRITE)
372 * Programming (TAKE, DEFINE, IF, FOR, WHILE, SWITCH, DECLARE, ...)
373 * Interacting with the user (ECHO, ASK, ...)
374 * Interacting with a remote computer (INPUT, OUTPUT, ...)
375 * Interacting with local programs (RUN, EXEC, PTY, ...)
376 * Logging things (LOG SESSION, LOG PACKETS, LOG DEBUG, ...)
378 And of course QUIT or EXIT to get out and HELP to get help, and for
379 programmers: loops, decision making, variables, arrays, associative
380 arrays, integer and floating point arithmetic, macros, built-in and
381 user-defined functions, string manipulation, pattern matching, block
382 structure, scoping, recursion, and all the rest. To get a list of all
383 C-Kermit's commands, type a question mark (?) at the prompt. To get a
384 description of any command, type HELP followed by the name of the
385 command, for example:
389 The command interruption character is Ctrl-C (hold down the Ctrl key
390 and press the C key).
392 The command language "escape character", used to introduce variable
393 names, function invocations, and so on, is backslash (\). If you need
394 to include a literal backslash in a command, type two of them, e.g.:
396 get c:\\k95\\k95custom.ini
398 Command Files, Macros, and Scripts
400 A file containing Kermit commands is called a Kermit command file or
401 Kermit script. It can be executed with Kermit's TAKE command:
403 (/current/dir) C-Kermit> take commandfile
405 (where "commandfile" is the name of the command file). Please don't
406 pipe a command file into Kermit's standard input (which might or might
407 not work); if you have Kermit commands in a file, tell Kermit to TAKE
410 In Unix only, a Kermit command file can also be executed directly by
411 including a "kerbang" line as the first line of the file:
413 #!/usr/local/bin/kermit +
415 That is, a top line that starts with "#!", followed immediately by the
416 full path of the Kermit executable, and then, if the Kermit script is
417 to be given arguments on the command line, a space and a plus sign. The
418 script file must also have execute permission:
422 Except for the " +" part, this is exactly the same as you would do for
423 a shell script, a Perl script, etc. Here's a simple but useless example
424 script that regurgitates its arguments (up to three of them):
426 #!/usr/local/bin/kermit +
427 if defined \%1 echo "Argument 1: \%1"
428 if defined \%2 echo "Argument 2: \%2"
429 if defined \%3 echo "Argument 3: \%3"
430 if defined \%4 echo "etc..."
433 If this file is stored in your current directory as "commandfile",
436 ./commandfile one two three four five
445 This illustrates the basic structure of a standalone Kermit script: the
446 "kerbang line", then some commands. It should end with "exit" unless
447 you want the Kermit prompt to appear when it is finished. \%1 is the
448 first argument, \%2 the second, and so on.
450 You can also create your own commands by defining named macros composed
451 of other Kermit commands (or macros). Here's a simple example:
454 set modem type usrobotics
462 This shows how you can combine many commands into one command, "mydial"
463 in this case (you can use any name you like, provided it does not clash
464 with the name of a built-in command). When this macro definition is in
465 effect, you can type commands like:
469 and it executes all the commands in macro definition, substituting the
470 first operand ("7654321") for the formal parameter ("\%1") in the
471 definition. This saves you from having to type lots of commands every
472 time you want to make a modem call.
474 One way to have the macro definition in effect is to type the
475 definition at the Kermit prompt. Another way is to store the definition
476 in a file and TAKE the file. If you want the the definition to be in
477 effect automatically every time you start Kermit, put the definition in
478 your initialization or customization file (explained [78]below).
480 Here's a somewhat more ambitious example:
484 assign trash \v(home)trashcan/
485 if not defined \%1 end 1 "Delete what?"
486 if wild \%1 end 1 "Deleting multiple files is too scary"
487 if not exist \%1 end 1 "I can't find \%1"
488 if not directory \m(trash) {
490 if fail end 1 "No trash can"
492 rename /list \%1 \m(trash)
496 assign trash \v(home)trashcan/
497 if not defined \%1 end 1 "Undelete what?"
498 if wild \%1 end 1 "Undeleting multiple files is too hard"
499 if not directory \m(trash) end 1 "No trash can"
500 if not exist \m(trash)\%1 end 1 "I can't find \%1 in trash can"
501 rename /list \m(trash)\%1 .
504 These macros are not exactly production quality (they don't handle
505 filenames that include path segments, they don't handle multiple files,
506 etc), but you get the idea: you can pass arguments to macros, they can
507 check them and make other kinds of decisions, and the commands
508 themselves are relatively intuitive and intelligible.
510 If you put the above lines into your initialization or customization
511 file, you'll have MYDELETE and MYUNDELETE commands available every time
512 you start Kermit, at least as long as you don't suppress execution of
513 the initialization file. (Exercise for the reader: Make these macros
514 generally useful: remove limitations, add trashcan display, browsing,
517 Kerbang scripts execute without the initialization file. This to keep
518 them portable and also to make them start faster. If you want to write
519 Kerbang scripts that depend on the initialization file, include the
524 at the desired spot in the script. By the way, \v(xxx) is a built-in
525 variable (xxx is the variable name, "home" in this case). To see what
526 built-in variables are available, type "show variables" at the C-Kermit
527 prompt. To see what else you can show, type "show ?". \m(xxx) is a user
528 defined variable (strictly speaking, it is a macro used as a variable).
532 C-Kermit has more than 200 top-level commands, and some of these, such
533 as SET, branch off into hundreds of subcommands of their own, so it's
534 not practical to describe them all here. Instead, here's a concise list
535 of the most commonly used top-level commands, grouped by category. To
536 learn about each command, type "help" followed by the command name,
537 e.g. "help set". Terms such as Command state and Connect state are
538 explained in subsequent sections.
540 Optional fields are shown in [ italicized brackets ]. filename means
541 the name of a single file. filespec means a file specification that is
542 allowed to contain wildcard characters like '*' to match groups of
543 files. options are (optional) switches like /PAGE, /NOPAGE, /QUIET,
544 etc, listed in the HELP text for each command. Example:
546 send /recursive /larger:10000 /after:-1week /except:*.txt *
548 which can be read as "send all the files in this directory and all the
549 ones underneath it that are larger than 10000 bytes, no more than one
550 week old, and whose names don't end with ".txt".
554 HELP Requests top-level help.
555 HELP command Requests help about the given command.
556 INTRODUCTION Requests a brief introduction to C-Kermit.
557 LICENSE Displays the C-Kermit software copyright and license.
558 VERSION Displays C-Kermit's version number.
559 EXIT [ number ] Exits from Kermit with the given status code. Synonyms:
561 TAKE filename [ parameters... ] Executes commands from the given file.
562 LOG item [ filename ] Keeps a log of the given item in the given file.
563 [ DO ] macro [ parameters... ] Executes commands from the given
565 SET parameter value Sets the given parameter to the given value.
566 SHOW category Shows settings in a given category.
567 STATUS Tells whether previous command succeeded or failed.
568 DATE [ date-and/or-time ] Shows current date-time or interprets given
570 RUN [ extern-command [ parameters... ] Runs the given external command.
572 EXEC [ extern-command [ params... ] Kermit overlays itself with the
574 SUSPEND Stops Kermit and puts it in the background. Synonym: Z.
576 Local File Management
578 TYPE [ options ] filename Displays the contents of the given file.
579 MORE [ options ] filename Equivalent to TYPE /PAGE (pause after each
581 CAT [ options ] filename Equivalent to TYPE /NOPAGE.
582 HEAD [ options ] filename Displays the first few lines of a given file.
583 TAIL [ options ] filename Displays the last few lines of a given file.
584 GREP [ options ] pattern filespec Displays lines from files that match
585 the pattern. Synonym: FIND.
586 DIRECTORY [ options ] [ filespec ] Lists files (built-in, many
588 LS [ options ] [ filespec ] Lists files (runs external "ls" command).
589 DELETE [ options ] [ filespec ] Deletes files. Synonym: RM.
590 PURGE [ options ] [ filespec ] Removes backup (*.~n~) files.
591 COPY [ options ] [ filespecs... ] Copies files. Synonym: CP.
592 RENAME [ options ] [ filespecs... ] Renames files. Synonym: MV.
593 CHMOD [ options ] [ filespecs... ] Changes permissions of files.
594 TRANSLATE filename charsets filename ] Converts file's character set.
596 CD Changes your working directory to your home directory.
597 CD directory Changes your working directory to the one given.
598 CDUP Changes your working directory one level up.
599 PWD Displays your working directory.
600 BACK Returns to your previous working directory.
601 MKDIR [ directory ] Creates a directory.
602 RMDIR [ directory ] Removes a directory.
606 SET LINE [ options ] devicename Opens the named serial port.
608 OPEN LINE [ options ] devicename Same as SET LINE. Synonym: OPEN PORT.
609 SET MODEM TYPE [ name ] Tells Kermit what kind of modem is on the port.
610 DIAL [ number ] Tells Kermit to dial the given phone number with the
612 REDIAL Redials the most recently dialed phone number.
614 Waits for and answers an incoming call on the modem.
615 AUTHENTICATE [ parameters... ] Performs secure authentication on a
617 SET NETWORK TYPE { TCP/IP, X.25, ... } Selects network type for
618 subsequent SET HOST commands.
619 SET HOST [ options ] host [ port ] Opens a network connection to the
621 SET HOST [ options ] * port Waits for an incoming TCP/IP connection on
623 TELNET [ options ] host Opens a Telnet connection to the host and
624 enters Connect state.
625 RLOGIN [ options ] host Opens an Rlogin connection to the host and
626 enters Connect state.
627 IKSD [ options ] host Opens a connection to an Internet Kermit Service.
628 SSH [ options ] host Opens an SSH connection to the host and enters
630 FTP OPEN host [ options ] Opens an FTP connection to the host.
631 HTTP [ options ] OPEN host Opens an HTTP connection to the host.
632 PTY external-command Runs the command on a pseudoterminal as if it were
634 PIPE external-command Runs the command through a pipe as if it were a
639 CONNECT [ options ] Enters Connect (terminal) state.
641 REDIRECT command Redirects the given external command over the
643 TELOPT command Sends a Telnet protocol command (Telnet connections
645 Ctrl-\C "Escapes back" from Connect state to Command state.
646 Ctrl-\B (In Connect state) Sends a BREAK signal (serial or Telnet).
647 Ctrl-\! (In Connect state) Enters inferior shell; "exit" to return.
648 Ctrl-\? (In Connect state) Shows a menu of other escape-level options.
649 Ctrl-\Ctrl-\ (In Connect state) Type two Ctrl-Backslashes to send one
651 SET ESCAPE [ character ] Changes Kermit's Connect-state escape
656 HANGUP Hangs up the currently open serial-port or network connection.
657 CLOSE Closes the currently open serial-port or network connection.
658 SET LINE (with no devicename) Closes the currently open
659 serial-port or network connection.
660 SET HOST (with no hostname) Closes the currently open serial-port or
662 FTP CLOSE Closes the currently open FTP connection.
663 HTTP CLOSE Closes the currently open HTTP connection.
664 EXIT Also closes all connections. Synonym: QUIT.
665 SET EXIT WARNING OFF Suppresses warning about open connections on exit
670 SEND [ options ] filename [ as-name ] Sends the given file. Synonym:
672 SEND [ options ] filespec Sends all files that match.
673 RESEND [ options ] filespec Resumes an interupted SEND from the point
675 RECEIVE [ options ] [ as-name ] Waits passively for files to arrive.
677 LOG TRANSACTIONS [ filename ] Keeps a record of file transfers.
678 FAST Use fast file-transfer settings (default).
679 CAUTIOUS Use cautious and less fast file-transfer settings.
680 ROBUST Use ultra-conservative and slow file-transfer settings.
681 STATISTICS [ options ] Gives statistics about the most recent file
683 WHERE After transfer: "Where did my files go?".
684 TRANSMIT [ options ] [ filename ] Sends file without protocol. Synonym:
686 LOG SESSION [ filename ] Captures remote text or files without
688 SET PROTOCOL [ name... ] Tells Kermit to use an external file-transfer
690 FTP { PUT, MPUT, GET, MGET, ... } FTP client commands.
691 HTTP { PUT, GET, HEAD, POST, ... } HTTP client commands.
695 ENABLE, DISABLE Controls which features can be
697 SET SERVER Sets parameters prior to entering Server state.
698 SERVER Enters Server state.
700 Client of Kermit or FTP Server
702 [ REMOTE ] LOGIN [ user password ] Logs in to a Kermit server or IKSD
704 [ REMOTE ] LOGOUT Logs out from a Kermit server or IKSD.
705 SEND [ options ] filename [ as-name ] Sends the given file to the
706 server. Synonyms: S, PUT.
707 SEND [ options ] filespec Sends all files that match.
708 RESEND [ options ] filespec Resumes an interupted SEND from the point
710 GET [ options ] remote-filespec Asks the server to send the given
712 REGET [ options ] remote-filespec Resumes an interrupted GET from the
714 REMOTE CD [ directory ] Asks server to change its working directory.
716 REMOTE PWD [ directory ] Asks server to display its working directory.
718 REMOTE DIRECTORY [ filespec... ] Asks server to send a directory
719 listing. Synonym: RDIR.
720 REMOTE DELETE [ filespec... ] Asks server to delete files. Synonym:
722 REMOTE [ command... ] (Many other commands: "remote ?" for a list).
723 MAIL [ options ] filespec Sends file(s) to be delivered as e-mail
725 FINISH Asks the server to exit server state (Kermit only).
726 BYE Asks the server to log out and close the connection.
729 DEFINE, DECLARE, UNDEFINE, UNDECLARE, ASSIGN, EVALUATE,
730 SEXPRESSION, ARRAY, SORT, INPUT, OUTPUT, IF, FOR, WHILE, SWITCH,
731 GOTO, ECHO, ASK, GETC, GETOK, ASSERT, WAIT, SLEEP, FOPEN, FREAD,
732 FWRITE, FCLOSE, STOP, END, RETURN, LEARN, SHIFT, TRACE, VOID,
733 INCREMENT, DECREMENT, ... For these and many more you'll need to
734 consult the [79]manual and supplements, and/or visit the
735 [80]Kermit Script Library, which also includes a brief tutorial.
736 Hint: HELP LEARN to find out how to get Kermit to write simple
739 Many of Kermit's commands have synonyms, variants, relatives, and so
740 on. For example, MSEND is a version of SEND that accepts a list of file
741 specifications to be sent, rather than just one file specification, and
742 MPUT is a synonym of MSEND. MOVE means to SEND and then DELETE the
743 source file if successful. MMOVE is like MOVE, but accepts a list of
744 filespecs, and so on. These are described in the [81]full
747 Use question mark to feel your way through an unfamiliar command, as in
748 this example (the part you type is underlined):
750 C-Kermit> remote ? One of the following:
751 assign delete help login print rename space
752 cd directory host logout pwd rmdir type
753 copy exit kermit mkdir query set who
754 C-Kermit> remote set ? One of the following:
755 attributes file retry transfer
756 block-check receive server window
757 C-Kermit> remote set file ? One of the following:
758 character-set incomplete record-length
760 C-Kermit> remote set file names ? One of the following:
762 C-Kermit> remote set file names literal
765 This is called menu on demand: you get a menu when you want one, but
766 menus are not forced on you even when know what you're doing. Note that
767 you can also abbreviate most keywords, and you can complete them with
768 the Tab or Esc key. Also note that ? works for filenames too, and that
769 you can use it in the middle of a keyword or filename, not just at the
770 beginning. For example, "send x?" lists all the files in the current
771 directory whose names start with 'x'.
773 [82]Kermit Home [83]C-Kermit Home [84]C-Kermit FAQ
775 INITIALIZATION FILE [85]Top [86]Contents [87]Next [88]Previous
777 In its default configuration, C-Kermit executes commands from a file called
778 .kermrc in your home directory when it starts, unless it is given the -Y or -y
779 command-line option. Custom configurations might substitute a shared
780 system-wide initialization file. The SHOW FILE command tells what
781 initialization file, if any, was used. The standard initialization file
782 "chains" to an individual customization file, .mykermc, in the home directory,
783 in which each user can establish her/his own preferences, define macros, and
786 Since execution of the initialization file (at least the standard one) makes
787 C-Kermit take longer to start, it might be better not to have an
788 initialization file, especially now that Kermit's default startup
789 configuration is well attuned to modern computing and networking -- in other
790 words, you no longer have do anything special to make Kermit transfers go
791 fast. So instead of having an initialization file that is executed every time
792 Kermit starts, you might consider making one or more kerbang scripts (with
793 names other that .kermrc) that do NOT include an "exit" command, and invoke
794 those when you need the settings, macro definitions, and/or scripted actions
795 they contain, and invoke C-Kermit directly when you don't.
797 To put it another way... We still distribute the standard initialization file
798 since it's featured in the manual and backwards compatibility is important to
799 us. But there's no harm in not using it if you don't need the stuff that's in
800 it (services directory, dialing directory, network directory, and associated
801 macro definitions). On the other hand, if there are settings or macros you
802 want in effect EVERY time you use Kermit, the initialization file (or the
803 customization file it chains to) is the place to put them, because that's the
804 only place Kermit looks for them automatically each time you start it.
806 [89]Kermit Home [90]C-Kermit Home [91]C-Kermit FAQ
807 MODES OF OPERATION [92]Top [93]Contents [94]Next [95]Previous
809 Kermit is said to be in Local mode if it has made a connection to another
810 computer, e.g. by dialing it or establishing a Telnet connection to it. The
811 other computer is remote, so if you start another copy of Kermit on the remote
812 computer, it is said to be in Remote mode (as long as it has not made any
813 connections of its own). The local Kermit communicates over the communications
814 device or network connection, acting as a conduit between the the remote
815 computer and your keyboard and screen. The remote Kermit is the file-transfer
816 partner to the local Kermit and communicates only through its standard input
819 At any moment, a Kermit program can be in any of the following states. It's
820 important to know what they are and how to change from one to the other.
824 In this state, Kermit reads commands from:
828 + A macro definition.
830 You can exit from Command state back to Unix with the EXIT or
831 QUIT command (same thing). You can enter Connect state with any
832 of various commands (CONNECT, DIAL, TELNET, etc). You can enter
833 file transfer state with commands like SEND, RECEIVE, and GET.
834 You can enter Server state with the SERVER command. The TAKE
835 command tells Kermit to read and execute commands from a file.
836 The (perhaps implied) DO command tells Kermit to read and
837 execute commands from a macro definition. While in Command
838 state, you can interrupt any command, macro, or command file by
839 typing Ctrl-C (hold down the Ctrl key and press the C key); this
840 normally brings you back to the prompt.
844 You can invoke an inferior shell or external command from the
845 Kermit command prompt by using the PUSH, RUN (!), EDIT, or
846 BROWSE command. While the inferior shell or command is active,
847 Kermit is suspended and does nothing. Return to Kermit Command
848 state by exiting from the inferior shell or application.
852 In this state, which can be entered only when in Local mode
853 (i.e. when Kermit has made a connection to another computer),
854 Kermit is acting as a terminal to the remote computer. Your
855 keystrokes are sent to the remote computer and characters that
856 arrive over the communication connection are displayed on your
857 screen. This state is entered when you give a CONNECT, DIAL,
858 TELNET, RLOGIN, or IKSD command. You can return to command state
859 by logging out of the remote computer, or by typing:
863 That is: Hold down the Ctrl key and press the backslash key,
864 then let go of the Ctrl key and press the C key. This is called
865 escaping back. Certain other escape-level commands are also
866 provided; type Ctrl-\? for a list. For example, you can enter
871 To send a Ctrl-\ to the host while in Connect state, type two of
872 them in a row. See HELP CONNECT and HELP SET ESCAPE for more
875 Local file-transfer state
877 In this state, Kermit is sending packets back and forth with the
878 other computer in order to transfer a file or accomplish some
879 other file-related task. And at the same time, it is displaying
880 its progress on your screen and watching your keyboard for
881 interruptions. In this state, the following single-keystroke
882 commands are accepted:
884 X Interrupt the current file and go on to the next (if any).
885 Z Interrupt the current file and skip all the rest.
886 E Like Z but uses a "stronger" protocol (use if X or Z don't work).
887 Ctrl-C Interrupt file-transfer mode (use if Z or E don't work).
889 Kermit returns to its previous state (Command or Connect) when
890 the transfer is complete or when interrupted successfully by X,
891 Z, E, or Ctrl-C (hold down the Ctrl key and press the C key).
893 Remote file-transfer state
895 In this state, Kermit is exchanging file-transfer packets with
896 its local partner over its standard i/o. It leaves this state
897 automatically when the transfer is complete. In case you find
898 your local Kermit in Connect state and the remote one in
899 File-transfer state (in which it seems to ignore your
900 keystrokes), you can usually return it to command state by
901 typing three Ctrl-C's in a row. If that doesn't work, return
902 your local Kermit to Command state (Ctrl-\ C) and type
903 "e-packet" and then press the Return or Enter key; this forces a
904 fatal Kermit protocol error.
908 This is like Remote File-transfer state, except it never returns
909 automatically to Command state. Rather, it awaits further
910 instructions from the client program; that is, from your Local
911 Kermit program. You can return the Remote Server to its previous
912 state by issuing a "finish" command to the client, or if you are
913 in Connect state, by typing three Ctrl-C's in a row. You can
914 tell the server job to log out and break the connection by
915 issuing a "bye" command to the client.
919 Like Remote-Server state, but in local mode, and therefore with
920 its file-transfer display showing, and listening for single-key
921 commands, as in Local File-transfer state. Usually this state is
922 entered automatically when a remote Kermit program gives a GET
925 C-Kermit, Kermit 95, and MS-DOS Kermit all can switch automatically from
926 Connect state to Local File-transfer state when you initiate a file transfer
927 from the remote computer by starting Kermit and telling it to send or get a
928 file, in which case, Connect state is automatically resumed after the file
929 transfer is finished.
931 Note that C-Kermit is not a terminal emulator. It is a communications
932 application that you run in a terminal window (e.g. console or Xterm). The
933 specific emulation, such as VT100, VT220, Linux Console, or Xterm, is provided
934 by the terminal window in which you are running C-Kermit. Kermit 95 and MS-DOS
935 Kermit, on the other hand, are true terminal emulators. Why is C-Kermit not a
936 terminal emulator? [96]CLICK HERE to read about it.
938 [97]Kermit Home [98]C-Kermit Home [99]C-Kermit FAQ
939 MAKING CONNECTIONS [100]Top [101]Contents [102]Next [103]Previous
941 Here is how to make different kinds of connections using interactive Kermit
942 commands (as noted above, you can also make connections with command-line
943 options). Note that you don't have to make connections with Kermit. It can
944 also be used on the far end of a connection as the remote file transfer and
945 management partner of your local communications software.
947 Making a Telnet Connection
949 At the C-Kermit command prompt, simply type:
951 telnet foo.bar.com ; Substitute desired host name or address.
952 telnet xyzcorp.com 3000 ; You can also include a port number.
954 If the connection is successful, Kermit automically enters
955 Connect state. When you logout from the remote host, Kermit
956 automatically returns to its prompt. More info: HELP TELNET,
957 HELP SET TELNET, HELP SET TELOPT. Also see the [104]IKSD section
960 Making an Rlogin connection
962 This is just like Telnet, except you have to be root to do it
963 because Rlogin uses a privileged TCP port:
965 rlogin foo.bar.com ; Substitute desired host name or address.
967 More info: HELP RLOGIN.
969 Making an SSH Connection
971 Unlike Telnet and Rlogin, SSH connections are not built-in, but
972 handled by running your external SSH client through a
973 pseudoterminal. Using C-Kermit to control the SSH client gives
974 you all of Kermit's features (file transfer, character-set
975 conversion, scripting, etc) over SSH.
977 ssh foo.bar.com ; Substitute desired host name or address.
979 More info: HELP SSH, HELP SET SSH.
983 If it's an external modem, make sure it is connected to a usable
984 serial port on your computer with a regular (straight-through)
985 [105]modem cable, and to the telephone jack with a telephone
986 cable, and that it's turned on. Then use these commands:
988 set modem type usrobotics ; Or other supported type
989 set line /dev/ttyS0 ; Specify device name
990 set speed 57600 ; Or other desired speed
991 set flow rts/cts ; Most modern modems support this
992 set dial method tone ; (or pulse)
993 dial 7654321 ; Dial the desired number
995 Type "set modem type ?" for a list of supported modem types. If
996 you omit the SET MODEM TYPE command, the default type is
997 "generic-high-speed", which should work for most modern
998 AT-command-set modems. If the line is busy, Kermit redials
999 automatically. If the call does not succeed, use "set dial
1000 display on" and try it again to watch what happens. If the call
1001 succeeds, Kermit enters Connect state automatically and returns
1002 to its prompt automatically when you log out from the remote
1003 computer or the connection is otherwise lost.
1005 You can also dial from a modem that is accessible by Telnet,
1006 e.g. to a reverse terminal server. In this case the command
1009 set host ts.xxx.com 2000 ; Terminal-server and port
1010 set modem type usrobotics ; Or other supported type
1011 set dial method tone ; (or pulse)
1012 dial 7654321 ; Dial the desired number
1014 If the terminal server supports the Telnet Com Port Option,
1015 [106]RFC 2217, you can also give serial-port related commands
1016 such as SET SPEED, SET PARITY, and so on, and Kermit relays them
1017 to the terminal server using the protocol specified in the RFC.
1019 More info: HELP SET MODEM, HELP SET LINE, HELP SET SPEED, HELP
1020 SET FLOW, HELP DIAL, HELP SET DIAL, HELP SET MODEM, HELP SET
1021 CARRIER-WATCH, SHOW COMMUNICATIONS, SHOW MODEM, SHOW DIAL.
1025 Connect the two computers, A and B, with a [107]null modem cable
1026 (or two modem cables interconnected with a null-modem adapter or
1027 modem eliminator). From Computer A:
1029 set modem type none ; There is no modem
1030 set line /dev/ttyS0 ; Specify device name
1031 set carrier-watch off ; If DTR and CD are not cross-connected
1032 set speed 57600 ; Or other desired speed
1033 set flow rts/cts ; If RTS and CTS are cross-connected
1034 set flow xon/xoff ; If you can't use RTS/CTS
1035 set parity even ; (or "mark" or "space", if necessary)
1036 set stop-bits 2 ; (rarely necessary)
1037 connect ; Enter Connect (terminal) state
1039 This assumes Computer B is set up to let you log in. If it
1040 isn't, you can run a copy of Kermit on Computer B and follow
1041 approximately the same directions. More info: As above plus HELP
1044 With modems or direct serial connections, you might also have to "set parity
1045 even" (or "mark" or "space") if it's a 7-bit connection.
1047 Of the connection types listed above, only one can be open at a time. However,
1048 any one of these can be open concurrently with an [108]FTP or HTTP session.
1049 Each connection type can be customized to any desired degree, scripted,
1050 logged, you name it. See the manual.
1052 NOTE: On selected platforms, C-Kermit also can make X.25 connections. See the
1055 [109]Kermit Home [110]C-Kermit Home [111]C-Kermit FAQ
1056 TRANSFERRING FILES WITH KERMIT [112]Top [113]Contents [114]Next [115]Previous
1058 * [116]Downloading Files
1059 * [117]Uploading Files
1060 * [118]Kermit Transfers the Old-Fashioned Way
1061 * [119]If File Transfer Fails
1062 * [120]Advanced Kermit File Transfer Features
1063 * [121]Non-Kermit File Transfer
1065 There is a [122]widespread and persistent belief that Kermit is a slow
1066 protocol. This is because, until recently, it used conservative tuning by
1067 default to make sure file transfers succeeded, rather than failing because
1068 they overloaded the connection. Some extra commands (or command-line options,
1069 like -Q) were needed to make it go fast, but nobody bothered to find out about
1070 them. Also, it takes two to tango: most non-Kermit-Project Kermit protocol
1071 implementations really ARE slow. The best file-transfer partners for C-Kermit
1072 are: another copy of [123]C-Kermit (7.0 or later) and [124]Kermit 95. These
1073 combinations work well and they work fast by default. MS-DOS Kermit is good
1074 too, but you have to tell it to go fast (by giving it the FAST command).
1076 Furthermore, all three of these Kermit programs support "autodownload" and
1077 "autoupload", meaning that when they are in Connect state and a Kermit packet
1078 comes in from the remote, they automatically switch into file transfer mode.
1080 And plus, C-Kermit and K95 also switch automatically between text and binary
1081 mode for each file, so there is no need to "set file type binary" or "set file
1082 type text", or to worry about files being corrupted because they were
1083 transferred in the wrong mode.
1085 What all of these words add up to is that now, when you use up-to-date Kermit
1086 software from the Kermit Project, file transfer is not only fast, it's
1087 ridiculously easy. You barely have to give any commands at all.
1091 Let's say you have [125]Kermit 95, [126]C-Kermit, or [127]MS-DOS
1092 Kermit on your desktop computer, with a connection to a Unix
1093 computer that has C-Kermit installed as "kermit". To download a
1094 file (send it from Unix to your desktop computer), just type the
1095 following command at your Unix shell prompt:
1099 (where oofa.txt is the filename). If you want to send more than
1100 one file, you can put as many filenames as you want on the
1101 command line, and they can be any combination of text and
1104 kermit -s oofa.txt oofa.zip oofa.html oofa.tar.gz
1106 and/or you can use wildcards to send groups of files:
1110 If you want to send a file under an assumed name, use:
1112 kermit -s friday.txt -a today.txt
1114 This sends the file friday.txt but tells the receiving Kermit
1115 that its name is today.txt. In all cases, as noted, when the
1116 file transfer is finished, your desktop Kermit returns
1117 automatically to Connect state. No worries about escaping back,
1118 re-connecting, text/binary mode switching. Almost too easy,
1123 To upload files (send them from your desktop computer to the
1124 remote Unix computer) do the same thing, but use the -g (GET)
1125 option instead of -s:
1129 This causes your local Kermit to enter server mode; then the
1130 remote Kermit program requests the named file and the local
1131 Kermit sends it and returns automatically to Connect state when
1134 If you want to upload multiple files, you have have use shell
1135 quoting rules, since these aren't local files:
1137 kermit -g "oofa.txt oofa.zip oofa.html oofa.tar.gz"
1140 If you want to upload a file but store it under a different
1143 kermit -g friday.txt -a today.txt
1145 Kermit Transfers the Old-Fashioned Way
1147 If your desktop communications software does not support
1148 autoupload or autodownload, or it does not include Kermit server
1149 mode, the procedure requires more steps.
1151 To download a file, type:
1155 on the host as before, but if nothing happens automatically in
1156 response to this command, you have to switch your desktop
1157 communications software into Kermit Receive state. This might be
1158 done by escaping back using keyboard characters or hot keys
1159 (Alt-x is typical) and/or with a command (like RECEIVE) or a
1160 menu. When the file transfer is complete, you have to go back to
1161 Connect state, Terminal emulation, or whatever terminology
1162 applies to your desktop communications software.
1164 To upload a file, type:
1168 on the host (rather than "kermit -g"). This tells C-Kermit to
1169 wait passively for a file to start arriving. Then regain the
1170 attention of your desktop software (Alt-x or whatever) and
1171 instruct it to send the desired file(s) with Kermit protocol.
1172 When the transfer is finished, return to the Connect or Terminal
1175 If File Transfer Fails
1177 Although every aspect of Kermit's operation can be finely tuned,
1178 there are also three short and simple "omnibus tuning" commands
1179 you can use for troubleshooting:
1182 Use fast file-transfer settings. This has been the default
1183 since C-Kermit 7.0 now that most modern computers and
1184 connections support it. If transfers fail with fast
1188 Use cautious but not paranoid settings. File transfers, if
1189 they work, will go at medium speed. If not, try . . .
1192 Use the most robust, resilient, conservative, safe, and
1193 reliable settings. File transfers will almost certainly
1194 work, but they will be quite slow (of course this is a
1195 classic tradeoff; ROBUST was C-Kermit's default tuning in
1196 versions 6.0 and earlier, which made everybody think
1197 Kermit protocol was slow). If ROBUST doesn't do the trick,
1198 try again with SET PARITY SPACE first in case it's not an
1201 Obviously the success and performance of a file transfer also
1202 depends on C-Kermit's file transfer partner. Up-to-date, real
1203 [128]Kermit Project partners are recommended because they
1204 contain the best Kermit protocol implementations and because
1205 [129]we can support them in case of trouble.
1207 If you still have trouble, consult Chapter 10 of [130]Using
1208 C-Kermit, or send email to [131]kermit-support@columbia.edu.
1210 Advanced Kermit File-Transfer Features
1212 Obviously there is a lot more to Kermit file transfer, including
1213 all sorts of interactive commands, preferences, options,
1214 logging, debugging, troubleshooting, and anything else you can
1215 imagine but that's what the [132]manual and updates are for.
1216 Here are a few topics you can explore if you're interested by
1217 Typing HELP for the listed commands:
1220 LOG TRANSACTIONS (HELP LOG)
1222 Automatic per-file text/binary mode switching:
1223 SET TRANSFER MODE { AUTOMATIC, MANUAL } (HELP SET
1226 Cross-platform recursive directory tree transfer:
1227 SEND /RECURSIVE, GET /RECURSIVE (HELP SEND, HELP GET).
1229 File collision options:
1230 SET FILE COLLISION { OVERWRITE, BACKUP, DISCARD, ... }
1233 Update mode (only transfer files that changed since last time):
1234 SET FILE COLLISION UPDATE (HELP SET FILE).
1236 Filename selection patterns:
1239 Flexible file selection:
1240 SEND (or GET) /BEFORE /AFTER /LARGER /SMALLER /TYPE
1243 Character-set conversion:
1244 SET { FILE, TRANSFER } CHARACTER-SET, ASSOCIATE, ...
1246 File/Pathname control:
1247 SET { SEND, RECEIVE } PATHNAMES, SET FILE NAMES.
1249 Atomic file movement:
1250 SEND (or GET) /DELETE /RENAME /MOVE-TO
1252 Transferring to/from standard i/o of other commands:
1253 SEND (or GET) /COMMAND
1255 Recovery of interrupted transfer from point of failure:
1256 RESEND, REGET (HELP RESEND, HELP REGET).
1258 Non-Kermit File Transfer
1260 You can also use C-Kermit to transfer files with FTP or HTTP
1261 Internet protocols; [133]see below.
1263 On a regular serial or Telnet connection where the other
1264 computer doesn't support Kermit protocol at all, you have
1265 several options. For example, if your desktop communications
1266 software supports Zmodem, use "rz" and "sz" on the host rather
1267 than Kermit. But if Kermit is your desktop software, and you are
1268 using it to make calls or network connections to other computers
1269 that don't support Kermit protocol (or that don't have a good
1270 implementation of it), then if your computer also has external
1271 X, Y, or Zmodem programs that are redirectable, Kermit can use
1272 them as external protocols. HELP SET PROTOCOL for details.
1274 You can also capture "raw" data streams from the other computer
1275 with LOG SESSION (HELP LOG and HELP SET SESSION-LOG for
1276 details), and you can upload files without any protocol at all
1277 with TRANSMIT (HELP TRANSMIT, HELP SET TRANSMIT).
1279 [134]Kermit Home [135]C-Kermit Home [136]C-Kermit FAQ
1281 KERMIT CLIENT/SERVER CONNECTIONS [137]Top [138]Contents [139]Next
1284 On any kind of connection you can make with Kermit -- serial, TCP/IP, X.25,
1285 etc -- you can set up a convenient client/server relationship between your
1286 Kermit client (the one that made the connection) and the Kermit program on the
1287 far end of the connection (the remote Kermit) by putting the remote Kermit in
1288 server mode. This is normally done by giving it a SERVER command, or by
1289 starting it with the -x command-line option. In some cases ([141]Internet
1290 Kermit Service, SSH connections to a Kermit subsystem, or specially configured
1291 hosts), there is already a Kermit server waiting on the far end. Here is a
1292 quick synopsis of the commands you can give to the client for interacting with
1295 SEND [ switches ] filename
1296 Sends the named file to the server. The filename can include
1297 wildcards. Lots of switches are available for file selection,
1298 etc. Type HELP SEND at the client prompt for details.
1300 GET [ switches ] filename
1301 Asks the server to send the named file. The filename can include
1302 wildcards. Type HELP GET at the client prompt for details.
1305 Terminates the server and closes your connection to it.
1308 Terminates the server. If you started the server yourself, this
1309 leaves the remote host at its shell prompt. If it was a
1310 dedicated server (such as IKSD or an SSH subsystem), FINISH is
1313 SET LOCUS { LOCAL, REMOTE, AUTO }
1314 (C-Kermit 8.0.201 and later, K95 1.1.21 and later) This tells
1315 the client whether file-management commands like CD, PWD,
1316 DIRECTORY, DELETE, MKDIR, etc, should be executed locally or by
1317 the server. In this type of connection, the default is LOCAL.
1318 Use SET LOCUS REMOTE if you want Kermit to behave like an FTP
1319 client, in which case these commands are executed remotely, and
1320 their local versions must have an L prefix: LCD, LPWD,
1321 LDIRECTORY, etc. When LOCUS is LOCAL, then the remote versions
1322 must have an R prefix: RCD, RPWD, RDIRECTORY, etc. HELP SET
1323 LOCUS for details. SHOW COMMAND to see current locus.
1325 The following commands are affected by SET LOCUS:
1328 Change (working, current) directory. HELP CD for details.
1333 DIRECTORY, LDIRECTORY, RDIRECTORY
1334 Produce a directory listing. Many options are available for local
1335 listings. HELP DIRECTORY for details.
1337 DELETE, LDELETE, RDELETE
1338 Deletes files or directories. Many options available, HELP DELETE.
1340 RENAME, LRENAME, RRENAME
1341 Renames files or directories. Many options available, HELP RENAME.
1343 MKDIR, LMKDIR, RMKDIR
1344 Creates a directory. HELP MKDIR.
1346 RMDIR, LRMDIR, RRMDIR
1347 Removes a directory. HELP RMDIR. There are dozens -- maybe hundreds --
1348 of other commands, described in the built-in help, on the website,
1349 and/or in the published or online manuals. But even if you don't have
1350 access to documentation, you can "set locus remote" and then use pretty
1351 much the same commands you would use with any FTP client.
1353 [142]Kermit Home [143]C-Kermit Home [144]C-Kermit FAQ
1355 KERMIT'S BUILT-IN FTP AND HTTP CLIENTS [145]Top [146]Contents [147]Next
1358 Kermit's FTP client is like the regular Unix FTP client that you're used to,
1359 but with some differences:
1361 * It has lots more commands and features.
1362 * You can have an FTP session and a regular Kermit serial or Telnet
1363 session open at the same time.
1364 * FTP sessions can be fully automated.
1366 By default Kermit's FTP client tries its best to present the same user
1367 interface as a regular FTP client: PUT, GET, DIR, CD, BYE, etc, should
1368 work the same, even though some of these commands have different
1369 meaning in Kermit-to-Kermit connections; for example, CD, DIR, RENAME,
1370 etc, in Kermit act locally, whereas in FTP they are commands for the
1371 server. This might cause some confusion, but as in all things Kermit,
1372 you have total control:
1374 * The [149]SET LOCUS command lets you specify where file management
1375 commands should be executed -- locally or remotely -- for any kind
1377 * Any FTP command can be prefixed with the word "FTP" to remove any
1380 Pending publication of the next edition of the manual, the Kermit FTP
1381 client is thoroughly documented at the Kermit Project website:
1383 [150]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ftpclient.html
1385 You also can use HELP FTP and HELP SET FTP to get descriptions of
1386 Kermit's FTP-related commands.
1388 The HTTP client is similar to the FTP one, except you prefix each
1389 command with HTTP instead of FTP: HTTP OPEN, HTTP GET, HTTP PUT, HTTP
1390 CLOSE, etc. Type HELP HTTP for details, or visit the to view the
1391 [151]manual supplements. HTTP connections can be open at the same time
1392 as regular serial or Telnet connections and FTP connections. So Kermit
1393 can manage up to three types connections simultaneously.
1395 [152]Kermit Home [153]C-Kermit Home [154]C-Kermit FAQ [155]FTP Client
1398 INTERNET KERMIT SERVICE [157]Top [158]Contents [159]Next [160]Previous
1400 C-Kermit can be configured and run as an Internet service (called IKSD),
1401 similar to an FTP server (FTPD) except you can (but need not) interact with it
1402 directly, plus it does a lot more than an FTP server can do. The TCP port for
1403 IKSD is 1649. It uses Telnet protocol. C-Kermit can be an Internet Kermit
1404 Server, or it can be a client of an IKSD. You can make connections from
1405 C-Kermit to an IKSD with any of the following commands:
1407 telnet foo.bar.edu 1649
1408 telnet foo.bar.edu kermit ; if "kermit" is listed in /etc/services
1411 The IKSD command is equivalent to a TELNET command specifying port
1412 1649. For more information about making and using connections to an
1415 [161]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/cuiksd.html
1417 You can run an Internet Kermit Service on your own computer too (if you
1418 are the system administrator). For instructions, see:
1420 [162]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/iksd.html
1422 [163]Kermit Home [164]C-Kermit Home [165]C-Kermit FAQ
1424 SECURITY [166]Top [167]Contents [168]Next [169]Previous
1426 All of C-Kermit's built-in TCP/IP networking methods (Telnet, Rlogin, IKSD,
1427 FTP, and HTTP) can be secured by one or more of the following IETF-approved
1435 For complete instructions see:
1437 [170]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/security.html
1439 And as noted previously, you can also make SSH connections with
1440 C-Kermit if you already have an SSH client installed.
1442 [171]Kermit Home [172]C-Kermit Home [173]C-Kermit FAQ
1444 ALTERNATIVE COMMAND-LINE PERSONALITIES [174]Top [175]Contents [176]Next
1447 When invoked as "kermit" or any other name besides any of the special ones,
1448 C-Kermit has the command-line options described above in the [178]OPTIONS
1449 section. However, if you invoke C-Kermit using any of the following names:
1451 telnet Telnet client
1454 https Secure HTTP client
1456 Kermit's command-line personality changes to match. This can be done (among
1457 other ways) with symbolic links (symlinks). For example, if you want C-Kermit
1458 to be your regular Telnet client, or the Telnet helper of your Web browser,
1459 you can create a link like the following in a directory that lies in your PATH
1460 ahead of the regular telnet program:
1462 ln -s /usr/local/bin/kermit telnet
1464 Now when you give a "telnet" command, you are invoking Kermit instead,
1465 but with its Telnet command-line personality so, for example:
1469 Makes a Telnet connection to xyzcorp.com, and Kermit exits
1470 automatically when the connection is closed (just like the regular
1471 Telnet client). Type "telnet -h" to get a list of Kermit's
1472 Telnet-personality command-line options, which are intended to be as
1473 compatible as possible with the regular Telnet client.
1477 ln -s /usr/local/bin/kermit ftp
1479 And now type "ftp -h" to see its command-line options, and use command
1480 lines just like you would give your regular FTP client:
1484 but with additional options allowing an entire session to be specified
1485 on the command line, as explained in the C-Kermit [179]FTP client
1488 And similarly for HTTP:
1490 ln -s /usr/local/bin/kermit http
1492 ./http www.columbia.edu -g kermit/index.html
1494 Finally, if Kermit's first command-line option is a Telnet, FTP, IKSD,
1495 or HTTP URL, Kermit automatically makes the appropriate kind of
1496 connection and, if indicated by the URL, takes the desired action:
1498 kermit telnet:xyzcorp.com ; Opens a Telnet session
1499 kermit telnet://olga@xyzcorp.com ; Ditto for user olga
1500 kermit ftp://olga@xyzcorp.com/public/oofa.zip ; Downloads a file
1501 kermit kermit://kermit.columbia.edu/kermit/f/READ.ME ; Ditto for IKSD
1502 kermit iksd://kermit.columbia.edu/kermit/f/READ.ME ; (This works too)
1503 kermit http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/index.html ; Grabs a web page
1504 kermit https://wwws.xyzcorp.com/secret/plan.html ; Grabs a secure web page
1506 [180]Kermit Home [181]C-Kermit Home [182]C-Kermit FAQ
1508 LICENSE [183]Top [184]Contents [185]Next [186]Previous
1510 On or before 30 June 2011, barring unforeseen circumstances, [187]C-Kermit 9.0
1511 will be released with the [188]Revised 3-Clause BSD License. This is a
1512 certifed [189]Open Source license, and it means that C-Kermit no longer needs
1513 to be licensed for commercial redistribution. Technical support for Kermit
1514 software will not be available from Columbia University after June 30th.
1516 [190]Kermit Home [191]C-Kermit Home [192]C-Kermit FAQ
1517 OTHER TOPICS [193]Top [194]Contents [195]Next [196]Previous
1519 There's way more to C-Kermit than we've touched on here -- troubleshooting,
1520 customization, character sets, dialing directories, sending pages, script
1521 writing, and on and on, all of which are covered in the manual and updates and
1522 supplements. For the most up-to-date information on documentation (or updated
1523 documentation itself) visit the Kermit Project website:
1525 [197]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1527 There you will also find [198]Kermit software packages for other platforms:
1528 different Unix varieties, Windows, DOS, VMS, IBM mainframes, and many others:
1531 [199]Kermit Home [200]C-Kermit Home [201]C-Kermit FAQ
1532 DOCUMENTATION AND UPDATES [202]Top [203]Contents [204]Next [205]Previous
1534 The manual for C-Kermit is:
1536 1. Frank da Cruz and Christine M. Gianone, [206]Using C-Kermit, Second
1537 Edition, Digital Press / Butterworth-Heinemann, Woburn, MA, 1997,
1538 622 pages, ISBN 1-55558-164-1. This is a printed book. It covers
1540 2. The C-Kermit 7.0 Supplement:
1541 [207]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit70.html
1542 3. The C-Kermit 8.0 Supplement:
1543 [208]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit80.html
1544 4. The C-Kermit 9.0 Supplement:
1545 [209]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit90.html
1547 The C-Kermit home page is here:
1549 [210]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1551 Visit this page to learn about new versions, Beta tests, and other
1552 news; to read case studies and tutorials; to download source code,
1553 install packages, and [211]prebuilt binaries for many platforms. Also
1556 [212]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/scriptlib.html
1557 The Kermit script library and tutorial
1559 [213]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/newfaq.html
1560 The Kermit FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions about Kermit)
1562 [214]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1563 The C-Kermit FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions about C-Kermit)
1565 [215]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/security.html
1566 The Kermit security reference.
1568 [216]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/telnet.html
1569 C-Kermit Telnet client documentation.
1571 [217]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/studies.html
1574 [218]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckcbwr.html
1575 General C-Kermit Hints and Tips.
1577 [219]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckubwr.html
1578 Unix C-Kermit Hints and Tips.
1580 [220]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckvbwr.html
1581 VMS C-Kermit Hints and Tips.
1583 [221]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckuins.html
1584 Unix C-Kermit Installation Instructions
1586 [222]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckvins.html
1587 VMS C-Kermit Installation Instructions
1589 [223]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/support.html
1592 [224]http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/k95tutorial.html
1593 Kermit 95 tutorial (this document).
1595 [225]comp.protocols.kermit.misc
1596 The Kermit newsgroup (unmoderated).
1598 [226]Kermit Home [227]C-Kermit Home [228]C-Kermit FAQ
1600 FILES [229]Top [230]Contents [231]Next [232]Previous
1602 [233]The Revised 3-Clause License
1606 Initialization file.
1612 Kermit dialing directory (see manual).
1615 Kermit network directory (see manual).
1618 Kermit services directory (see manual).
1621 Installation instructions for Unix.
1624 General C-Kermit bugs, hints, tips.
1627 Unix-specific C-Kermit bugs, hints, tips.
1630 C-Kermit program logic manual.
1633 C-Kermit compile-time configuration options.
1636 (in your PATH) SSH connection helper.
1639 (in your PATH) external protocols for XYZmodem.
1641 /var/spool/locks (or whatever)
1642 UUCP lockfile for dialing out (see [241]installation
1645 [242]Kermit Home [243]C-Kermit Home [244]C-Kermit FAQ
1647 AUTHORS [245]Top [246]Contents [247]Previous
1649 Frank da Cruz and Jeffrey E Altman
1650 The Kermit Project - Columbia Univerity
1651 612 West 115th Street
1652 New York NY 10025-7799
1655 1985-present, with contributions from hundreds of others all over the
1657 __________________________________________________________________
1660 C-Kermit 9.0 Unix Manual Page and Tutorial / [248]kermit@columbia.edu
1665 1. http://www.columbia.edu/
1666 2. mailto:kermit@columbia.edu
1667 3. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/index.html
1668 4. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/k95.html
1669 5. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1670 6. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckscripts.html
1671 7. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/current.html
1672 8. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/whatsnew.html
1673 9. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1674 10. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/support.html
1675 11. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1676 12. http://www.columbia.edu/
1677 13. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.pdf
1678 14. ftp://kermit.columbia.edu/kermit/test/text/ckuker.nr
1679 15. http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1555581641?ie=UTF8&tag=aleidmoreldom-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1555581641
1680 16. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#description
1681 17. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#synopsis
1682 18. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#options
1683 19. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#commands
1684 20. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1685 21. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#modes
1686 22. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#connections
1687 23. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#transfer
1688 24. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#server
1689 25. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#ftp
1690 26. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#iksd
1691 27. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#security
1692 28. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#personae
1693 29. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#license
1694 30. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#other
1695 31. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1696 32. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#files
1697 33. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#authors
1698 34. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1699 35. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1700 36. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#synopsis
1701 37. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1702 38. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1703 39. http://www.columbia.edu/
1704 40. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2839.txt
1705 41. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2840.txt
1706 42. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1707 43. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1708 44. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1709 45. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1710 46. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1711 47. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1712 48. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1713 49. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#options
1714 50. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#synopsis
1715 51. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#kerbang
1716 52. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#personae
1717 53. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#kerbang
1718 54. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1719 55. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1720 56. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#personae
1721 57. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#options
1722 58. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#commands
1723 59. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1724 60. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1725 61. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1726 62. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1727 63. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1728 64. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#commands
1729 65. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#description
1730 66. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#commands
1731 67. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#personae
1732 68. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#personae
1733 69. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#iksd
1734 70. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#transfer
1735 71. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1736 72. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1737 73. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1738 74. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#options
1739 75. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#kerbang
1740 76. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#cmdlist
1741 77. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1742 78. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1743 79. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1744 80. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckscripts.html
1745 81. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1746 82. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1747 83. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1748 84. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1749 85. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1750 86. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1751 87. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#modes
1752 88. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#commands
1753 89. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1754 90. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1755 91. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1756 92. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1757 93. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1758 94. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#connections
1759 95. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#initfile
1760 96. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html#term
1761 97. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1762 98. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1763 99. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1764 100. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1765 101. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1766 102. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#transfer
1767 103. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#modes
1768 104. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#iksd
1769 105. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/cable.html
1770 106. ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2217.txt
1771 107. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/cable.html
1772 108. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#ftp
1773 109. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1774 110. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1775 111. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1776 112. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1777 113. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1778 114. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#server
1779 115. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#connections
1780 116. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#download
1781 117. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#upload
1782 118. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#oldfashioned
1783 119. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#trouble
1784 120. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#advanced
1785 121. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#nonkermit
1786 122. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/kermit.html#notslow
1787 123. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1788 124. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/k95.html
1789 125. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/k95.html
1790 126. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1791 127. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/mskermit.html
1792 128. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1793 129. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/support.html
1794 130. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckmanual.html
1795 131. mailto:kermit-support@columbia.edu
1796 132. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1797 133. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#ftp
1798 134. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1799 135. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1800 136. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1801 137. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1802 138. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1803 139. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#ftp
1804 140. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#transfer
1805 141. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#iksd
1806 142. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1807 143. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1808 144. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1809 145. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1810 146. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1811 147. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#iksd
1812 148. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#transfer
1813 149. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#server
1814 150. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ftpclient.html
1815 151. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#documentation
1816 152. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
1817 153. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit.html
1818 154. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckfaq.html
1819 155. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit3.html#x3
1820 156. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckermit3.html#x2.2
1821 157. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#top
1822 158. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#contents
1823 159. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#security
1824 160. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/ckututor.html#ftp
1825 161. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/cuiksd.html
1826 162. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/iksd.html
1827 163. http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/
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